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2000—2018年黄河流域森林和草地物候的时空变化_解晗.pdf filename-=utf-8''2000—2018年黄河流域森林和草地物候的时空变化_解晗.pdf
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20002018年黄河流域森林和草地物候的时空变化_解晗.pdf filename-=utf-8''20002018年黄河流域森林和草
解晗,李俊,同小娟,等 20002018 年黄河流域森林和草地物候的时空变化 应用生态学报,2023,34(3):647656Xie H,Li J,Tong XJ,et al Spatial-temporal variations of forest and grassland phenology in the Yellow iver Basin during 20002018 Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2023,34(3):64765620002018 年黄河流域森林和草地物候的时空变化解晗1李俊2同小娟1*张静茹1刘沛荣1于裴洋1胡海洋1杨铭鑫1(1北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院,北京 100083;2中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室,北京 100101)摘要植被物候研究对了解全球气候变化特征具有重要意义。黄河流域空间跨度大、生态环境复杂,林草植被的物候变化特征有待进一步明确。本研究基于 20002018 年 MODIS-EVI 数据,采用分段 Logistic 和双Logistic 物候模型及分别对应的曲率变化极值法和导数法对黄河流域林、草植被物候进行反演,分析物候参数的时间变化和空间差异。结果表明:研究区生长季开始期(SOS)在第 90165 天,从东南到西北逐渐推迟,海拔每升高 100 m,SOS 推迟 094 d,其中,森林 SOS 早于草地。生长季结束期(EOS)在第 270315 天,从西向东南推迟,海拔每升高 100 m,EOS 提前 063 d,其中,森林 EOS 晚于草地。生长季长度(LOS)为110230 d,从东南向西北逐渐缩短,森林植被的 LOS 大于草地。研究期间,SOS 呈提前趋势,幅度为 41d(10 a)1,空间上提前面积比例为 732%,流域中部地区提前幅度较大;EOS 整体呈显著推迟趋势,幅度为23 d(10 a)1,空间上推迟面积比例为 634%,森林物候期提前和延迟都小于草地;LOS 呈显著延长趋势,幅度为 64 d(10 a)1,空间上延长比例为 718%。分段 Logistic 和双 Logistic 物候模型以及相应的曲率极值法和导数法适用于提取黄河流域自然植被物候。研究区森林和草地 LOS 整体呈延长趋势,随海拔升高而缩短,且森林 LOS 长于草地。关键词植被物候;黄河流域;增强型植被指数;森林;草地本文由国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFA0608101)和国家自然科学基金项目(31872703,32271875)资助。2022-08-16 收稿,2023-01-10 接受。*通信作者 E-mail:tongxj bjfueducnSpatial-temporal variations of forest and grassland phenology in the Yellow iver Basin during 20002018XIE Han1,LI Jun2,TONG Xiaojuan1*,ZHANG Jingru1,LIU Peirong1,YU Peiyang1,HU Haiyang1,YANGMingxin1(1School of Ecology and Nature Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;2KeyLaboratory of Water Cycle and elated Land Surface Processes,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural esourcesesearch,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)Abstract:The study of vegetation phenology is of great significance for understanding global climate change TheYellow iver basin has a wide spatial range and a complex ecological environment The phenological characteristicsof forest and grassland need further clarification Based on the MODIS-EVI data from 2000 to 2018,we extractedthe phenology of forest and grassland in the Yellow iver basin using piecewise logistic and double logistic pheno-logical models with the corresponding curvature change extremum method and derivative method,respectively Thetemporal and spatial variations of phenological parameters were analyzed The start of growing season(SOS)was at90165 day of year(DOY),and gradually delayed from southeast to northwest The increase of 100 m elevationdelayed SOS 094 d,and the SOS of forest was earlier than that of grassland The end of growing season(EOS)wasat 270315 DOY,which delayed from west to southeast For every 100 m increase in altitude,the EOS advanced063 d,with EOS of forest being later than that of grassland The length of growing season(LOS)was 110230 d,which shortened gradually from southeast to northwest The LOS of forest was larger than that of grassland Duringthe study,SOS showed an advance trend from 2000 to 2018 with a rate of 41 d(10 a)1,and the proportion ofspatial advance area was 732%There was an obvious advance in the central part of the basin EOS generallyshowed a significant postponement trend with a rate of 23 d(10 a)1,and the proportion of spatially delayedarea was 634%,the phenological advance and delay of forest was less stronger than that of grassland LOS showeda significant prolongation trend with a rate of 64 d(10 a)1,and the proportion of spatial extension was 718%The piecewise Logistic and double Logistic phenological models and the corresponding curvature extremum methodand derivative method were suitable for the extraction of natural vegetation in the Yellow iver Basin The overall应 用 生 态 学 报2023 年 3 月第 34 卷第 3 期http:/wwwcjaenetChinese Journal of Applied Ecology,Mar 2023,34(3):647656DOI:1013287/j10019332202303035LOS of forest and grassland showed a prolonging trend,which was shortened with the increases of altitude The LOSof forest was longer than that of grassland in the study areaKey words:vegetation phenology;the Yellow iver basin;enhanced vegetation index;forest;grassland全球气候变化是生态学研究中的热点问题。IPCC 第六次评估报告表明,20112021 年全球气温比 18501900 年平均高 11 1。物候学是研究周期性和季节性现象及其与生物和非生物环境因素的关系的学科2,主要研究植被重复出现的植物生命周期阶段的生长规律,植被物候变化是指示气候和环境变化的关键生物学指标34,能够提供有关全球气候变化以及随之而来的植物周期变化的许多信息56。植被物候期受气候变化影响较大,物候变化会导致土壤-植被-大气系统之间的水、碳和热交换发生变化79。传统的物候地面观测连续性较差,主观性强。卫星遥感具有观测范围广、时间序列连续、数据特征明显等特点10。卫星遥感获取的植被指数经过处理分析可以反演物候信息。遥感图像数据所反映的物候信息是植被在生长过程中呈现出的绿度增长或降低及活跃状况的生长规律,而且植被指数需要达到一定的变化程度才能被传感器所识别11,其所获取的物候参数主要为生长季始期(start of growingseason,SOS)、生长季末期(end of growing season,EOS)和生长季长度(length of growing season,LOS)。尽管物候期的计算可能会因使用的植被指数产品或算法而有所不同,但在 19802020 年北半球的大部分地区都监测出 SOS 提前了 28 d(10 a)1,EOS 推迟了 1 6 d(10 a)1,LOS 延长了 2 10d(10 a)1,且变化趋势显著12。在植被物候的地面观测方面,Parmesan 等13 对前人报道过的600 多物种的物候进行定量评估后发现,27%的物种物候没有显著变化,9%的物种春季物候出现推迟趋势,62%的物种表现出春季物候提前。Menzel等14 研究发现,欧洲春季树木的展叶期在 19591993 年提前了 6 d,秋季叶子变色期推迟了 48 d。在大尺度遥感反演物候方面,Piao 等15 研究表明,19821999 年中国温带地区春季植被返青提前079 d,秋季休眠推迟 037 d。吉珍霞等16 对我国黄土高原地区物候的研究发现,大部分地区 SOS 提前趋势为 02 d(10 a)1,EOS 推迟趋势为 03d(10 a)1。黄河流域西接青藏高原,东邻华北平原,横跨黄土高原,主要分布于我国干旱与半干旱地区,地处中纬度地带,自然环境复杂,其发展对我国生态、经济有重大意义17,该地区还被认为是监测植被绿化的关键

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