基于“源-汇”理论与电路理...径研究：以重庆市南岸区为例_陈丹.pdf

水利水电技术(中英文)第 54 卷 2023 年第 6 期Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Vol.54 No.6陈丹,王福海,肖悦.基于“源-汇”理论与电路理论的城市热源汇聚路径研究:以重庆市南岸区为例J.水利水电技术(中英文),2023,54(6):147-155.CHEN Dan,WANG Fuhai,XIAO Yue.Investigating the convergence path of urban heat sources based on the“source-sink”and circuit the-ories:Taking Nanan District of Chongqing as an exampleJ.Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering,2023,54(6):147-155.基于“源-汇”理论与电路理论的城市热源汇聚路径研究:以重庆市南岸区为例陈 丹,王福海,肖 悦(重庆财经学院,重庆 401320)收稿日期:2023-02-10;修回日期:2023-03-28;录用日期:2023-04-20;网络出版日期:2023-05-10基金项目:重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0522;cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0578)作者简介:陈 丹(1990),女,讲师,硕士,主要从事空间大数据挖掘和区域生态环境监测研究。E-mail:cd1105 Editorial Department of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering.This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.摘 要:【目的】厘清城市热源汇聚路径已经成为改善城市生态环境和土地利用结构的重要途径。【方法】基于“源-汇”景观生态学理论,以重庆市南岸区为研究对象,采用均值-标准差法划分城市地表温度提取热源地,并构建热源扩散阻力面,应用电路理论提取热源汇聚路径,统计汇聚路径多环缓冲区内土地利用类型、NDVI、高程与坡度现状,分析汇聚路径内在机理。【结果】结果显示:(1)热源共计 24 块,面积合计 12.64 km2,占研究区总面积的 4.82%,主要分布于南坪、弹子石、茶园、东港工业园四大组团;(2)热源汇聚路径共计 42 条,热源汇聚路径密度较高的区域集中分布于茶园组团内部以及与南坪、弹子石、茶园三大组团之间,该区域热源汇聚作用最强,弹子石组团与东港工业园组团之间汇聚路径仅有一条,热源的汇聚作用最弱;(3)耕地、水域、林地面积占比随着热源缓冲区范围增加而呈现增加的趋势,建设用地、草地、未利用地面积占比随着热源缓冲区范围增加而呈现减少的趋势。【结论】结论表明:山地城市热源汇聚路径和主控因素的空间演化特征,在距离汇聚路径 100 m 范围内温度主控因子贡献度排序分别为 NDVI坡度高程;200600 m 缓冲区范围内温度主控因子贡献依次为坡度高程NDVI;700 m 缓冲区范围内主控因子的贡献为坡度NDVI高程;8001 000 m 缓冲区范围内主控因子贡献为 NDVI坡度高程。研究结果能够为改善城市热环境、提高城市居住适宜度提供依据,也对“源-汇”理论应用于城市热环境热源汇聚路径进行探索,为类似研究提供参考。关键词:“源-汇”理论;电路理论;城市热源;汇聚路径;重庆市南岸区DOI:10.13928/ki.wrahe.2023.06.013开放科学(资源服务)标志码(OSID):中图分类号:X82文献标志码:A文章编号:1000-0860(2023)06-0147-09Investigating the convergence path of urban heat sources based on the“source-sink”and circuit theories:Taking Nanan District of Chongqing as an exampleCHEN Dan,WANG Fuhai,XIAO Yue(Chongqing Finance and Economics College,Chongqing 401320,China)Abstract:ObjectiveOne aspect of improving the urban thermal environment is clarifying the convergence path of urban heat sources.Methods Along these lines,based on the theory of“source-sink”landscape ecology,the Nan an District of 741陈 丹,等/基于“源-汇”理论与电路理论的城市热源汇聚路径研究:以重庆市南岸区为例水利水电技术(中英文)第 54 卷 2023 年第 6 期Chongqing City was used as the research object in this work.More specifically,the mean standard deviation method was applied to divide the urban surface temperature,extract heat sources,and construct a heat source diffusion resistance surface.By using circuit theory to extract the heat source convergence paths,statistics were performed based on the land use types,NDVI,eleva-tion,and slope status within the multi-ring buffer zone of the convergence paths,and the internal mechanism of the convergence paths was systematically analyzed.ResultsFrom the acquired result it was demonstrated that:(1)A total of 24 heat sources were detected,with a total area of 12.64 km2,covering 4.82%of the total area of the research area,it is mainly distributed in the four major clusters of Nanping,Danzishi,Chayuan,Donggang Industrial Pork.(2)A total of 42 heat source convergence paths were observed.Areas with a high density of heat source convergence paths were concentrated within the Chayuan cluster and between the three major clusters of Nanping,Danzishi and Chayuan.This area exhibited the more pronounced heat source convergence effect.Only one convergence path between the Pinzishi cluster and the Lijiaba cluster was found,with the weakest heat source convergence effect.(3)The proportion of the cultivated land,water area,and forest land increased with the increase in the buffer zone,while the proportion of construction land,grassland,and unused land decreased with the increase in the buffer zone.ConclusionIt was proved that within 100 m,the factor contribution was NDVIslopeelevation;The contribution within the buffer zone of 200600 m was slopeelevationNDVI;The contribution of the main control factors within the 700 m buffer zone was slopeNDVIelevation;The main control factor contribution within the 8001000 m buffer zone was NDVISlopeEle-vation.Our work provides a basis for improving the both urban thermal environment and the urban residential suitability.Moreo-ver,the“source-sink”theory was used to systematically investigate the heat source convergence path of the urban thermal envi-ronment,providing a reference for similar research in the future.Keywords:“source-sink”theory;circuit theory;urban heat source;convergence path;Nanan District of Chongqing0 0 引引 言言 城市热环境是指在城市空间内客观存在的热场以及人对热场主观感受程度的总合,是与人类生息发展、工作效率直接有关的物理环境1-2。随着社会经济飞速发展,城市人口激增,建设用地的大量扩张致使城市下垫面发生改变,加之人工建筑以及道路等蓄热体的共同作用,造成了城市整体排热水平的上升,城市热岛效应日益严峻3-5。城市热环境导致的热污染已成为影响人居质量和人类健康的重要因素之一,在全球城市区域尺度范围内开展城市空间热环境和环境整治研究逐渐成为研究热点6。重庆市是典型的山地城市,集地貌复杂、城市景观格局较为立体的双重特点,城市热环境问题突出,亟需消除城市热环境叠加污染,提高人居环境的舒适度7。国内外学者针对城市热环境中热源的形成机制和缓解机制等开展了大量的研究工作。城市热源的形成机制多通过分析城市热岛的驱动因子,确定在城市内部不同区域影响热环境形成的主导因素,以揭示城市热源形成与演变的成因和机制8-10。早在 2001 年,UNGER 等11系统探讨了土地利用与城市热岛之间的关系,为研究地表因素对城市热环境的影响打下了一定的基础。郭冠华等12通过初步回归及层次分析,定量探讨了绿地的空间组成及结构特征对城市热环境的影响机制。城市热源的缓解机制主要探讨城市规划中绿地对城市热环境的改善作用13-14。花利忠等15采用景感生态学中的景感营造理念规划设计城市公园或优化公园空间结构以增强公园冷岛效应