红颜
草莓
果实
成熟
过程
累及
合成
途径
基因
表达
分析
彭贞贞
彭贞贞,钟传飞,王宝刚,等.红颜草莓果实成熟过程中花色苷积累及合成途径基因表达的分析 J.食品工业科技,2023,44(14):346354.doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022090106PENG Zhenzhen,ZHONG Chuanfei,WANG Baogang,et al.Analysis of Anthocyanin Accumulation and Gene Expression ofAnthocyanin Synthesis Pathway during Fruit Ripening of Benihoppe StrawberryJ.Science and Technology of Food Industry,2023,44(14):346354.(in Chinese with English abstract).doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022090106 贮运保鲜 红颜红颜草莓果实成熟过程中花色苷积累及合成途径基因表达的分析草莓果实成熟过程中花色苷积累及合成途径基因表达的分析彭贞贞1,2,钟传飞3,王宝刚1,4,5,李文生1,4,5,周家华1,4,5,傅达奇2,常虹1,4,5,王云香1,4,5,*(1.北京市农林科学院农产品加工与食品营养研究所,北京 100097;2.中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院,北京 100083;3.北京市农林科学院林业果树研究所,北京 100093;4.果蔬农产品保鲜与加工北京市重点实验室,北京 100097;5.农业农村部蔬菜产后处理重点实验室,北京 100097)摘要:为探究红颜草莓果实成熟过程中花色苷积累和合成相关基因表达规律,以红颜草莓白果期(whitefruit,WF)、转色期(initial ripening fruit,IR)、半红期(part ripening fruit,PR)、全红期(full ripe fruit,FR)四个发育时期果实为研究对象,采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱方法对其花色苷物质进行定性和定量分析,并测定不同发育过程中的花色苷生物合成途径中结构基因表达水平,以期为草莓果实花色苷代谢以及色泽品质调控提供理论依据。结果表明:红颜草莓中有 24 种花色苷化合物和 4 种原花青素,随着果实成熟,总花色苷含量逐渐增加,原花青素含量逐渐降低。各发育时期的差异代谢物质主要是天竺葵素和矢车菊素。其中天竺葵素-3-O-葡萄糖苷、天竺葵素-3-O-芸香糖苷和矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷是花色苷中的主要物质,在红颜草莓全熟期时,分别占花色苷总量的 79.7%,14.1%和 3.56%。实时定量 PCR 分析表明,花色苷合成途径基因 FaPAL1、FaC4H、FaF3H、FaANS、FaUFGT 和转录因子 FaMYB10 表达水平随果实发育逐渐升高。综上所述,红颜草莓果实的花色苷含量随果实成熟逐渐积累,花色苷差异代谢的物质包含天竺葵素和矢车菊素,花色苷合成途径相关结构基因FaPAL1、FaC4H、FaF3H、FaANS、FaUFGT 表达水平影响果实花色苷的积累。关键词:红颜草莓,花色苷,代谢物质,基因本文网刊:中图分类号:TS255.1 文献标识码:A 文章编号:10020306(2023)14034609DOI:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022090106AnalysisofAnthocyaninAccumulationandGeneExpressionofAnthocyaninSynthesisPathwayduringFruitRipeningofBenihoppeStrawberryPENGZhenzhen1,2,ZHONGChuanfei3,WANGBaogang1,4,5,LIWensheng1,4,5,ZHOUJiahua1,4,5,FUDaqi2,CHANGHong1,4,5,WANGYunxiang1,4,5,*(1.Institute of Agricultural Products Processing and Food Nutrition,Beijing Academy of Agricultural and ForestrySciences,Beijing 100097,China;2.College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;3.Institute of Forestry and Fruit Trees,Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100093,China;4.Beijing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Storage and Processing,Beijing 100097,China;收稿日期:20220913 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(31901732);现代农业产业技术体系北京市特色作物创新团队(BAIC04-2022);北京市农林科学院青年基金(QNJJ202228);北京市农林科学院协同创新基金(KJCX201915)。作者简介:彭贞贞(1993),女,博士,研究方向:果蔬采后生理与分子生物学,E-mail:。*通信作者:王云香(1986),女,博士,副研究员,研究方向:果蔬采后生理与分子生物学,E-mail:。第 44 卷 第 14 期食品工业科技Vol.44 No.142023 年 7 月Science and Technology of Food IndustryJul.2023 5.Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100097,China)Abstract:To explore the genes related to anthocyanin accumulation and synthesis during the ripening process of strawberryfruit,qualitative and quantitative analysis of anthocyanin substances was conducted using high-performance liquidchromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS)on the fruits of four development stages of Benihoppestrawberry:White(WF),initial ripening(IR),part ripening(PR),and full red fruits(FR).The expression level of structuralgenes in anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in different development processes was determined to provide a theoretical basisfor anthocyanin metabolism and color quality regulation of strawberry fruit.The results showed 24 anthocyanins and fourproanthocyanidins in Benihoppe strawberry.With the ripening of the fruit,the total anthocyanin and proanthocyanidincontents gradually increased and decreased,respectively.Pelargonidin and cyanidin were the main differential metabolitesin different developmental stages.Among them,pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside,pelargonidin-3-O-rutinoside and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside were the main substances in anthocyanins,accounting for 79.7%,14.1%and 3.56%of the total anthocyanins atthe full maturity of Benihoppe strawberry,respectively.Real-time PCR analysis showed that the transcription levels of theanthocyanin synthesis pathway genes FaPAL1,FaC4H,FaF3H,FaANS,FaUFGT,and FaMYB10 gradually increased withthe fruit development.In summary,the anthocyanin content of Benihoppe strawberry fruit gradually accumulates with fruitmaturity,and the substances of anthocyanin differential metabolism include pelargonidin and cyanidin.The expression levelof structural genes related to anthocyanin synthesis pathway affects the anthocyanin accumulation of fruit.Keywords:Benihoppe strawberry;anthocyanins;metabolites;genes 草莓(Fragariaananassa Duch)是蔷薇科草莓属多年生的草本植物,是一种重要的经济作物。草莓果实颜色艳丽,柔软多汁,口感清新,营养丰富,深受广大消费者喜爱。草莓果实中含有的丰富花色苷,是重要的功能性营养物质,具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌、预防慢性病等作用1。除此之外,花色苷可增强植物的抗性,不仅可抵御生物和非生物胁迫,还可清除非生物胁迫下过量的活性氧2。另外,花色苷的形成是果实成熟的标志,使果实产生特征性的红色、蓝色和紫色色调,对果实的品质有重要影响3。花色苷是由花青素和糖苷组成,花青素的结构决定了呈现出的颜色,糖苷使花青素分子更加稳定,在植物中多以花色苷形式存在4。自然界中发现的花色苷有 600 多种,其中锦葵素(Malvidin,Mv)、天竺葵素(Pelargonidin,Pg)、矢车菊素(Cyanidin,Cy)、飞燕草素(Delphini-din,Dp)、矮牵牛素(Petunidin,Pt)、芍药素(Peonidin,Pn)为植物中常见的 6 种类型花色苷5。在草莓果实中主要富含天竺葵素,葡萄糖是最常见的替代糖6。花色苷生物合成受到一系列编码生物合成过程酶基因的转录调节进而影响花色苷的生物合成7。苯丙氨酸裂解酶(PAL)是花色苷合成途径中的第一个酶,也是该途径的关键酶。Pombo 等8发现FaPAL6 的表达是果实特异性的,并且其表达和活性可能与草莓花青素积累增强有关。肉桂酸羟化酶(C4H)参与花色苷合成途径的第一阶段,是生成花色苷生物合成的前体,在黑树莓