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儿童
经典
型巴特
综合征
文献
复习
惠琼琼
安 徽 医 药 Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal 2023 Aug,27(8)儿童经典型巴特综合征1例及文献复习惠琼琼1,师丛1,陶仲宾2,叶新华2作者单位:1兰州大学第一临床医学院,甘肃 兰州730000;2兰州大学第一医院儿科,甘肃 兰州730000通信作者:叶新华,女,主任医师,硕士生导师,研究方向为儿童保健,Email:ye_摘要:目的 通过对巴特综合征(BS)的诊治经过进一步提高临床医师对该病的认识。方法 总结2021年1月8日兰州大学第一医院收治的1例经典型巴特综合征病人的诊疗方案。结果 病儿主因咳嗽4 d,发现电解质紊乱2 d收住入院,入院前后均出现难以纠正的低钾血症、低钠血症、代谢性碱中毒,给予静脉补充电解质及纠正酸碱平衡1周,每天查血气分析基本未见改善,送检基因检测,临床经验性考虑巴特综合征,予以同时口服螺内酯及枸橼酸钾颗粒4 d后,病儿内环境逐渐恢复,好转出院。出院后其基因检测结果:发现CLCNKB基因2-20外显子纯合缺失,其纯合性大片段缺失符合型Bartter 综合征(父母为近亲婚配),属新发突变。结论 基因检查虽能明确诊断,但结果检出时间相对较慢,可能会延误诊治,故积极提高临床医师对本疾病的认识并给予干预至关重要。关键词:巴特综合征;低钾血症;代谢性碱中毒;基因诊断A case of typical Barter syndrome in a child and review of literatureHUI Qiongqiong1,SHI Cong1,TAO Zhongbin2,YE Xinhua2Author Affiliations:1The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China;2Department of Child Health Care,The First Hospital of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,ChinaAbstract:Objective To further improve clinicians understanding of Bartter syndrome through diagnosis and treatment of the disease.Methods The diagnosis and treatment plan of a patient with typical bartter syndrome admitted to the First Hospital of Lanzhou University on January 8,2021 were summarized.Results The patient was admitted to hospital after 4 days of cough and 2 days of electrolyte disturbance Cause cough 4 days,found that the electrolyte disorder hospitalize.There were difficult to correct the hypokalemia,hyponatremia,metabolic alkalosisbefore and after the hospital.Patient was given intravenous electrolyte supplementation and acid-base balance correction for 1 week,daily blood gas analysis showed no improvement.It was considered as bartter syndrome by genetic testing combined with clinical experience.After 4 days of simultaneous oral administration of spironolactone and potassium citrate particles,the childs internal environment gradually recovered and was discharged.After discharge,the genetic test results showed that homozygous deletion of exon 2-20 of CLCNKB gene was found,and the homozygous large fragment deletion was consistent with type Bartter syndrome(parents were inbred),which was a new mutation.Conclusions Although genetic examination can make a definite diagnosis,the detection time is relatively slow,which may delay the diagnosis and treatment.Therefore,it is of great importance to actively improve the understanding and intervention of clinicians in this disease.Key words:Bartter syndrome;Hypokalemia;Metabolic alkalosis;Genetic diagnosis巴特综合征是一种相对罕见常染色体隐性遗传性疾病,是由于基因突变导致的髓袢升支粗段(thiek ascending limb,TAL)对盐的重吸收不良,引起低血钾和代谢性碱中毒等1。由于临床表现及实验室检查缺乏特异性,临床易误诊、漏诊。现通过1例巴特综合征样表现的病儿的临床资料及基因检测结果,进一步了解该病的诊断与治疗。1临床资料1.1一般资料男,5个月,主因“咳嗽4 d,发现电解质紊乱2 d”于2021年1月8日就诊于兰州大学第一医院儿科。1.2现病史病儿于入院前4 d无明显诱因出现咳嗽,为阵发性单声咳嗽,就诊于当地诊所,诊断“急性上呼吸道感染”,予以口服药物治疗2 d,病儿上诉症状未见缓解,家属遂就诊于当地县人民医院,入临床医学引用本文:惠琼琼,师丛,陶仲宾,等.儿童经典型巴特综合征1例及文献复习 J.安徽医药,2023,27(8):1665-1668.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1009-6469.2023.08.038.1665网络首发时间:2023-07-06 12:12:38网络首发地址:https:/ 徽 医 药 Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal 2023 Aug,27(8)院查血常规:C-反应蛋白(CRP):20.50 mg/dL,白细胞(WBC)16.45109/L,淋巴百分比(LYM)0.525,中性粒细胞百分比(NEUC)0.364;血液生化:离子全项 K+2.3 mmol/L,Na+134 mmol/L;余未见明显异常。胸部正位片提示肺炎。诊断为“支气管肺炎、低钾血症”,予以静脉输注“抗生素、补钾”及“雾化吸入”等对症治疗2 d后,复查K+1.9 mmol/L,Na+128 mmol/L。因病儿病情未见好转,遂转至我院儿科,入院诊断:(1)支气管肺炎;(2)电解质紊乱(低钾血症、低钠血症);(3)营养不良(重度)。1.3家族史父母为近亲婚配(妈妈的奶奶和爸爸的奶奶是亲姐妹)。健康状况良好。否认家族史及遗传病史。母亲第1胎孕7月余流产(原因不详)。1.4个人史该病儿第2胎第1产,孕38周,剖宫产,无脐绕颈、羊水量增多,出生后一般情况可,阿普加评分正常,出生后体质量3.2 kg。头竖立可,不能独坐。现混合喂养。1.5入院查体身长57 cm,体质量4.7 kg,血压98/57 mmHg。神清,精神尚可,营养不良。皮肤弹性尚可,皮下脂肪厚度0.3 mm。前囟平软,大小1.0 cm1.0 cm。双眼窝无凹陷。肺部可闻及少量湿啰音。心脏、腹部体征未见异常。四肢肌张力正常,神经系统未查及异常。1.6实验室检查(2021年1月8日)查感染指标较高。尿粪常规正常。肝功能、血脂、心肌酶、凝血功能、性激素、甲状腺功等检查均未见明显异常。急查血气分析:pH 7.65,二氧化碳分压 44.7 mmHg,氧分压 89.8 mmHg,钾离子 2.2 mmol/L,钠离子 131 mmol/L,氯离子未检出,实际碳酸氢盐 27.5 mmol/L,碳酸氢根离子52.5 mmol/L。(2021年1月12日)24 h尿离子定量:尿钠66 mmol/24 h,尿氯92 mmol/24 h,尿钙0.4 mmol/24 h,尿磷4 mmol/24 h,均低于正常范围。当时测离子:K+2.51 mmol/L,Na+127 mmol/L,CL-80 mmol/L。肾素 5259.7 ng/L(正常参考范围1.8024.5 ng/L)。醛固酮正常。8Am:ACTH 6.44 ng/L(正常参考范围1046 ng/L),皮质醇正常;4Pm:皮质醇正常,ACTHG/c.848_850delTCT)cause classic Bartter syndromeJ.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol,2018,315(4):F844-F851.9 ZHU B,JIANG H,CAO M,et al.A novel CLCNKB mutation in a Chinese girl with classic Bartter syndrome:a case reportJ.BMC Med Genet,2019,20(1):137.10SHIBLI AA,NARCHI H.Bartter and Gitelman syndromes:spectrum of clinical manifestations caused by different mutationsJ.World Journal of Methodology,2015,5(2):55-61.11刘永林,刘瑞,SHAMSI BH.CLCNKB基因突变致巴特综合征1例报告及文献复习 J.中国实用儿科杂志,2021,36(8):637-640.12MRAD FCC,SOARES SBM,DE MENEZES SILVA LAW,et al.Bartters syndrome:clinical findings,genetic causes and therapeutic approach J.World J Pediatr,2021,17(1):31-39.13GASONGO G,GREENBAUM LA,NIEL O,et al.Effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in children with Bartter syndromeJ.Pediatr Nephrol,2019,34(4):679-684.14刘舒蕾,李志辉,张良,等.巴特综合征25例临床特点分析 J.中国中西医结合儿科学,2013,5(6):553-554.15李传义,周瑞海,张德奎,等.枸橼酸钾粒剂对低钾血症患者电解质的影响 J.中国临床药理学与治疗学杂志,1997,18(2):117-119.(收稿日期:2022-02-11,修回日期:2022-04-08)妊娠期糖尿病病人血清胱抑素C、糖化血红蛋白水平与胎儿心功能