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葛根
通过
AMPK
mTO
大鼠
激素
股骨头
坏死
研究
贾岩波
内蒙古医科大学学报2023 年 4 月第 45 卷第 2 期葛根素通过AMPK-mTOR-ULK1通路激活自噬改善大鼠激素性股骨头坏死的研究(1.内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院 运动医学中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010030;2内蒙古医科大学,内蒙古呼和浩特010059)【摘要】目的 探讨葛根素通过AMPK-mTOR-ULK1 信号通路对激素性股骨头坏死早期血管内皮细胞自噬的干预作用。方法 将48只雄性SD大鼠按随机数表法分成4组(每组12只)。对照组:单纯肌肉注射生理盐水,2 mL/次,共3次,间隔24 h。模型组:肌肉注射甲基强的松龙,20 mg/kg,共3次,间隔24 h。葛根素干预组:同模型组方法造模,在最后1次臀肌注射完甲基强的松龙后给予葛根素100 mg/(kg d)腹腔注射。雷帕霉素干预组:同模型组方法造模,在最后1次臀肌注射完甲基强的松龙后同时给予雷帕霉素1.2 mg/(kg d),自噬特异性激动剂腹腔注射。造模后2周、4周后处死实验动物,取出双侧后肢的股骨头及主要供血血管。HE染色光镜下观察股骨头坏死情况;利用免疫组化法和RT-PCR方法检测Beclin1、LC3、P62、AMPK、mTOR和ULK1的mRNA与蛋白的表达;采用ELISA法检测血管内皮损伤标记物6-keto-PGF1a的表达。结果 与对照组比较,模型组大鼠骨细胞坏死加重,血管内皮细胞6-keto-PGF1a的表达增加,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),血管内皮细胞中自噬相关蛋白AMPK、ULK1、Beclin1、LC3表达降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),mTOR、P62表达增高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);与模型组比较,葛根素干预组大鼠的骨坏死程度明显改善,6-keto-PGF1a的表达降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),自噬相关蛋白AMPK、ULK1、Beclin1、LC3表达增高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),mTOR、P62表达降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 葛根素可能通过AMPK-mTOR-ULK1 信号通路激活血管内皮细胞的自噬,从而减轻激素所造成的股骨头坏死。【关键词】葛根素;糖皮质激素类;股骨头坏死;自噬;AMPK-mTOR-Ulk1 信号通路中图分类号:R917文献标识码:A文章编号:2095-512X(2023)02-0113-05贾岩波1,张田宇2,任逸众1*,郝记睿2收稿日期:2022-03-08;修回日期:2023-02-14基金项目:内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2020MS08140);内蒙古医科大学科技百万工程项目(YKD2018KJBW(LH)031);内蒙古医科大学“善学”人才培养计划项目(ZY0202028)第一作者:贾岩波(1983),男,博士,副主任医师。研究方向:骨与关节疾病。E-mail:*通信作者:任逸众,男,医学博士,教授,主任医师,硕士研究生导师。研究方向:骨与关节疾病。E-mail:【Abstract】Objective To investigate the intervention effect of puerarin on autophagy of vascular endothelial cells in theearly stage of steroid-induced femoral head necrosis through AMPK-mTOR-ULK1 signaling pathway.Methords Forty-eightmaleSprague-Dawleyratswererandomlydividedinto4groups(12ratspergroup).Controlgroup:normalsalinewasinjectedin-tramuscularly,2mL/time,3timesintotal,withaweekintervalof 24h;Modelgroup:intramuscularinjectionofmethylpredniso-lone20mg/kgfor3timesatanintervalof24h.Model+pueraringroup:themodelwasmadebythesamemethodasmodelgroup,and puerarin 100 mg/(kg d)was injected intraperitoneally after the last injection of methylprednisolone into gluteus muscle.Model+rapamycin group:the model was made by the same method as model group,and rapamycin 1.2 mg/(kg d),autophagyPUERARIN ACTIVATES AUTOPHAGY THROUGHAMPK-MTOR-ULK1 PATHWAY TO IMPROVE STEROIDINDUCED FEMORAL HEAD NECROSIS IN RATSJIA Yanbo1,ZHANG Tianyu2,REN Yizhong1*,HAO Jirui2(1.Department of Sports Medicine,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot 010030,China;2.Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot 010059,China)论著 113DOI:10.16343/ki.issn.2095-512x.2023.02.022Journal of Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityApr.2023Vol.45No.2specific agonist)was injected intraperitoneally after the last injection of methylprednisolone into gluteus muscle.Two and fourweeks after modeling,the experimental animals were sacrificed,and the femoral head and the main blood supply vessels of thebilateral hind limbs were removed.The necrosis of femoral head was observed under light microscope with HE staining.ThemRNA and protein expressions of Beclin1,LC3,P62,AMPK,mTOR and ULK1 were detected by immunohistochemistry andRT-PCR.The expression of 6-Keto-PGF1A,a marker of vascular endothelial injury,was detected by ELISA.Results Com-pared with the control group,osteocyte necrosis in model group was aggravated,the expression of 6-Keto-PGF1A in vascularendothelial cells was increased(P 0.05),the expression of autophagy related proteins AMPK,ULK1,Beclin1 and LC3 in vas-cular endothelial cells was decreased(P0.05),and the expression of mTOR and P62 were increased(P0.05).Compared withmodel group,the degree of osteonecrosis of rats in puerarin group was significantly improved,the expression of 6-keto-PGF1Awas decreased(P 0.05),the expression of autophagy related proteins AMPK,ULK1,Beclin1,LC3 were increased(P 0.05),and the expression of mTOR and P62 were decreased(P0.05).Conclusions Puerarin may activate autophagy of vascular en-dothelialcellsthroughAMPK-mTOR-ULK1signalingpathway,soastoreducehormoneinducednecrosisofthefemoralhead.【Keywords】Puerarin;Glucocorticoids;Femoral head necrosis;Autophagy;AMPK-mTOR-ULK1 signaling pathway激素性股骨头坏死(steriod-induced necrosis offemoral head,SANFH)的发病率已占非创伤性骨坏死的首位1,致残率高,预后较差2。其具有复杂的生物学过程,发病机制尚不清楚,且缺乏有效的治疗方法。近年来的研究表明,SANFH中存在着细胞自噬现象3。葛根素是葛根的主要有效成分之一,临床应用广泛,已被证实具有自噬调控作用。但葛根素的自噬调控作用与SANFH,特别葛根素对SANFH血管内皮细胞(vascular endothelial cells,VEC)自噬调控的影响,目前尚无相关报道。我们通过制备SANFH的大鼠模型,利用葛根素进行干预,观察其是否通过腺苷一磷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMPK)-哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)-Unc-51样激酶1(Ulk1)(AMPK-mTOR-ULK1)信号通路影响VEC自噬并观察葛根素对于VEC的保护作用,为探讨SANFH的发病机制及防治提供新的思路。1材料和方法1.1制备动物模型选健康清洁级SD大鼠48只,雄性,标准饮食,7周龄,体质量(25020)g,分笼饲养。按随机数表法分成4组,每组12只。对照组:单纯肌肉注射生理盐水,2 mL/次,共 3 次,间隔 1 周;模型组:肌肉注射甲基强的松龙,20 mg/kg,共3次,间隔24 h。葛根素干预组:肌肉注射甲基强的松龙,20 mg/kg,共 3次,间隔24 h,肌注甲基强的松龙同时给予葛根素l00 mg/(kg d)腹腔注射。雷帕霉素干预组:肌肉注射甲基强的松龙,20 mg/kg,共3次,间隔24 h,肌注甲基强的松龙同时给予雷帕霉素1.2 mg/(kg d)腹腔注射。除对照组外大鼠每天均肌肉注射10万U青霉素,预防感染。1.2标本的制作造模后2周、4周麻醉后处死实验动物,每次处死6只,无菌条件下取双侧后肢的股骨头及主要供血血管。1.3观测指标1.3.1一般情况 观察各组实验动物饮食、活动、体质量等一般情况。1.3.2组织学观察 各时间点,取各组大鼠股骨头标本,经40%中性甲醛固定、脱水、15%EDTA脱钙、梯度酒精脱水,浸蜡包埋,切片,HE染色后光镜观察用;观察骨和骨髓组织的病理改变。1.3.3提 取 VEC对 VEC 中 Beclin1、LC3、P62、AMPK、mTOR、ULK1 的 mRNA 采用 RT-PCR 法检测:将提取组织加入Trizol裂解液,按Trizol试剂盒说明进行总RNA提取