2023.6Vol.47No.6研究与设计收稿日期:2022-11-22基金项目:国家电网有限公司科技项目(DG71-20-003)作者简介:于冉(1991—),女,山东省人,博士,主要研究方向为材料学与储能技术。基于负极支撑型复合隔膜的高安全锂离子电池于冉,金翼,刘家亮,胡晨,杨岑玉(中国电力科学研究院有限公司,北京100192)摘要:锂离子电池热失控的情况近年来多有发生,严重制约了其未来发展。隔膜作为电池基础材料之一,对电池安全性能有重要影响。传统的聚丙烯(PP)/聚乙烯(PE)隔膜熔点低,会在高温下发生变形或融化,引发大面积内短路。研究了负极支撑型SiO2/聚乙烯醇(PVA)/聚氧化乙烯(PEO)复合隔膜,通过对粘结剂PVA/PEO配比的优化,在实验室与中试产线上均制备出复合隔膜,其厚度仅有14μm,在400℃下不发生形变,显著提高了电池热滥用与机械滥用时的安全性能。电池循环性能稳定,300次循环后容量保持率可达99%,且在-20~-40℃的极低温环境下,展现出比常规电池更高的容量保持率。关键词:锂离子电池;复合隔膜;安全性能中图分类号:TM912.9文献标识码:A文章编号:1002-087X(2023)06-0724-05DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2023.06.008Highsafetylithium-ionbatteriesbasedonanode-supportedcompositeseparatorYURan,JINYi,LIUJialiang,HUChen,YANGCenyu(ChinaElectricPowerResearchInstitute,Beijing100192,China)Abstract:Thethermalrunawayoflithium-ionbatteries(LIB)isextremelypronetohappen,whichrestrictstheirfuturedevelopmentseriously.Asoneofthebasicmaterialsforbatteries,separatorshaveasignificantimpactonthesafetyperformanceofbatteries.TraditionalPP/PEpolymerseparatorshavelowmeltingpoints,sotheshrinkageandmeltingofthepolymerseparatorshappenathightemperature,causinglargeareainternalshortcircuit.Theanode-supportedSiO2/PVA/PEOcompositeseparatorwasstudied.ByoptimizingtheratioofthePVA/PEO,thecompositeseparatorswerepreparedinboththelaboratoryandthepilotproductionline.Thethicknessofthecompositeseparatorisonly14μmandthereisnothermalshrinkageevenat400℃,whichimprovesthesafetypropertiesofthepouchcellsinthermalabuseandmechanicalabuse.Thecellsexhibithighcapacityretentionof99%after300cycles,andthecapacityretentionishigherthanthetraditionalLIBatextremelylowtemperatureof-20to-40℃,showin...