开放式低温等离子体对树脂基复合材料表面处理性能研究_巴德玛.pdf

表面技术 第 52 卷 第 6 期 420 SURFACE TECHNOLOGY 2023 年 6 月 收稿日期：20220629；修订日期：20220830 Received：2022-06-29；Revised：2022-08-30 作者简介：巴德玛（1971），女，博士。Biography：BA De-ma(1971-),Female,Doctor.引文格式：巴德玛,乔乾森,李长青,等.开放式低温等离子体对树脂基复合材料表面处理性能研究J.表面技术,2023,52(6):420-428.BA De-ma,QIAO Qian-sen,LI Chang-qing,et al.Surface Treatment Performance of Open Low-temperature Plasma on Resin Matrix CompositesJ.Surface Technology,2023,52(6):420-428.开放式低温等离子体对树脂基复合材料 表面处理性能研究 巴德玛1，乔乾森1，李长青2，崔海超3（1.陆军装甲兵学院 装备保障与再制造系，北京 100072；2.中国人民解放军 32178 部队，北京 100012；3.中航工业复合材料技术中心，北京 101300）摘要：目的目的 采用开放式低温等离子体对树脂基复合材料表面处理，研究其对树脂基复合材料粘接性能的影响。方法方法 运用响应曲面法，对开放式低温等离子体加工工艺与树脂基复合材料表面自由能交互性进行研究。采用接触角测量仪、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、三维形貌仪、X 射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）、傅里叶红外光谱仪（FT-IR）等仪器对开放式低温等离子体处理前后复合材料的接触角与表面能、表面微观形貌与表面粗糙度、表面化学成分进行分析，使用万能试验机对处理前后复合材料的粘接强度进行研究。结果结果 输入功率、喷枪距离与试样移动速度 3 个响应因子中，喷枪距离对试样表面能的影响最为显著，其次是试样移动速度与输入功率。当开放式低温等离子体加工工艺为 P=800 W，d=11.8 mm，v=10 mm/s 时，表面能最大，从 24.8 mJ/m2增加到 78.3 mJ/m2，表面粗糙度与未处理试样相比提高了约 2.5 倍。处理后试样表面的氧元素含量明显增加，氧元素主要以含氧官能团的形式存在，材料表面极性增加。开放式低温等离子体对树脂基复合材料处理后，粘接试样平均拉伸剪切强度从 16.6 MPa 增加到 27.5 MPa，粘接强度提高了约 65.7%，粘接接头破坏形式从界面破坏到材料基材破坏。结论结论 开放式低温等离子体对树脂基复合材料表面处理后，能够有效地增加其粘接强度，树脂基复合材料润湿性与表面能、表面粗糙度以及表面含氧官能团数量增加，是粘接强度提高的主要因素。关键词：树脂基复合材料；开放式低温等离子体；微观形貌；表面能；粘接性能 中图分类号：TB332 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-3660(2023)06-0420-09 DOI：10.16490/ki.issn.1001-3660.2023.06.039 Surface Treatment Performance of Open Low-temperature Plasma on Resin Matrix Composites BA De-ma1,QIAO Qian-sen1,LI Chang-qing2,CUI Hai-chao3(1.Department of Equipment Support and Remanufacturing,Army Academy of Armored Forces,Beijing 100072,China;2.No.32178,Peoples Liberation Army of China,Beijing 100012,China;3.AVIC Composite Technology Center,Beijing 101300,China)ABSTRACT:The work aims to treat the surface of resin matrix composites by open low-temperature plasma to investigate its 第 52 卷 第 6 期 巴德玛，等：开放式低温等离子体对树脂基复合材料表面处理性能研究 421 effect on the bonding properties of resin matrix composites.Firstly,the open low-temperature plasma processing technology and the surface free energy interactivity of resin matrix composites were investigated by the response surface method.The surface energy was calculated by the Owens two-liquid method,and the test liquids were water and diiodomethane.Contact angle,surface energy,surface micromorphology,surface roughness,and surface chemical composition of resin matrix composites before and after open low-temperature plasma processing were analyzed by contact angle measuring instrument,scanning electron microscope(SEM),three-dimensional morphology instrument,X-ray photoelectron spectrometer(XPS),and Fourier infrared spectrometer(FT-IR),and the bonding strength of resin matrix composites before and after processing was investigated by a universal testing machine.The bonding strength of the resin matrix composites before and after the treatment was investigated by a universal testing machine.The results indicated that the three response factors of plasma surface treatment machine input power(P),gun distance(d)and specimen movement speed(v)had an effect on the surface energy of composites,in which the gun distance had the most significant effect on the surface energy of composites,followed by the specimen movement speed and input power.Design-Expert was adopted for open low-temperature plasma treatment of composite processing.When the open low-temperature plasma processing parameters were:P=800 W,d=11.8 mm and v=10 mm/s,the surface energy was the largest,and the surface energy of the untreated composite was 24.8 mJ/m2,and the surface energy of the composite increased to 78.3 mJ/m2 after the optimized process,increasing by 2.16 times.The water contact angle was reduced from 89.5 to 10.7 and the diiodomethane contact angle was reduced from 56.7 to 15.8,and the surface wettability of the specimens was greatly increased.After low-temperature plasma treatment,the surface microscopic morphology of resin matrix composites changed significantly.The surface roughness of the specimen increased after the low-temperature plasma treatment,and the roughness increased by about 2.5 times compared with that of the untreated specimen.In addition,the oxygen content on the surface of the treated specimens increased significantly,and the oxygen-carbon ratio increased by about 1.93 times.The oxygen element mainly existed in the form of oxygen-containing polar functional groups,and the polarity of the material surface increased,and the increase of oxygen-containing polar functional groups is conducive to the formation of chemical bonding during bonding and the improvement of bonding strength.After open low-temperature plasma treatment of resin matrix composites,the bonding strength was significantly increased,and the average tensile shear strength of bonded specimens increased from 16.6 MPa to 27.5 MPa,and the bonding strength increased by about 65.7%,and the damage form of bonded joints changed from interface damage to material substrate damage.The open low-temperature plasma treatment of the resin matrix composite s