基于女性视角的城市居住区绿地安全评价研究风景园林专业.doc

目录 基于女性视角的城市居住区绿地安全评价研究 Study on Safety Evaluation of Green Space in Urban Residential Areas from Women's Perspective 目 录 I 摘要 I Abstract 2 1 绪论 4 1.1研究背景 4 1.2研究目的与意义 5 1.3研究内容与研究范围界定 6 1.4国内外研究动态 7 1.5相关概念界定 16 1.6研究方法和技术路线 21 2相关理论基础研究 25 2.1环境心理行为学基本理论 25 2.2人机工程学 28 2.3安全心理学 29 2.4性别差异性特征分析 29 2.4本章小结 33 3女性对城市居住区绿地安全需求分析 33 3.1女性心理、生理安全需求 34 3.2行为安全需求 36 3.2环境认知安全需求 37 3.4本章小结 39 4 基于“人-物质-环境”三个层面影响因子分析 39 4.1女性安全感知影响因子分析 39 4.2既有物质安全性影响因子分析 41 4.3场地和空间环境特征安全影响因子分析 43 4.4本章小结 44 5基于女性视角城市居住区绿地安全评价体系构建 45 5.1安全评价指标选取原则 45 5.2安全评价指标体系构建 46 5.3本章小结 51 6基于女性视角下南昌市中心城区居住区绿地安全调查 51 6.1南昌市概况简介 51 6.2 研究样本范围选择 52 6.3样本居住区基本概况 54 6.4南昌市中心城区居住区绿地安全现状调查 57 6.5本章小结 62 7南昌市中心城区居住区绿地安全调查结果统计与分析 63 7.1南昌市居住区女性安全问卷调查基本信息 63 7.2安全问题的统计情况 64 7.3描述性统计 65 7.4信度检验 67 7.5效度检验 67 7.6结构方程模型权重计算 78 7.7差异性分析 82 6.7本章小结 86 8基于女性视角的城市居住区绿地安全设计建议与策略 87 8.1不同年代居住区安全性问题分析与建议 87 8.2满足女性安全需求的城市居住区绿地设计策略 92 9 总结 96 9.1研究成果 96 9.2主要创新之处 97 9.3研究不足与展望 97 参考文献 98 Abstact 摘要 城市居住区是人类生活中赖以生存的环境空间，人居环境设计的重要原则是以人为本，未来居住区环境建设应保持着可持续性继续前进发展。近期，社会各界一直关注“平安社区”的建设问题，“平安健康社区”的建设不仅社区公共安全问题，更应该考虑人们户外活动健身、日常出行安全等环境氛围的安全问题。过去的居住区绿地环境建设通常是以“中性视角”通用设计出发，将人作为“无性别差异”的群体对待。在中国历史上，女性作为是园林的主要使用者及直接体验者，却常常被忽略女性空间的存在和需求，尤其是安全问题的关注。我们经常可以在媒体报道中看到女性遇害事件。同时，男性女性在心理、生理和社会角色上存在较大区别，所以在对城市居住区绿地的安全需求存在差异。从女性视角探讨城市居住区绿地的安全评价研究，了解女性需求，对城市居住区人性化发展具有重要意义。 本文结合环境心理行为学、人机工程学、安全心理学等多个学科理论，分析归纳“人-物质-环境”园林安全系统的关系，梳理性别差异特征及女性需求，总结女性视角下居住区绿地安全评价的影响因子，并从人的安全感知、物质安全性、环境空间安全3个准则层，环境归属感、个人领域感、空间私密性、设施安全性、植物绿化安全性、道路铺装安全性、步行空间安全性、场地环境安全性、可防卫水平9个子准则层和31个指标层因子，建立基于女性视角的城市居住区绿地安全评价体系。选取南昌市一江两岸的“双核”两个片区的六个典型城市居住区绿地进行实地调研与现场访谈。根据问卷设计与调研，了解居民对安全问题的关注频度。为了更好的 经过实地调研与现场访谈，以女性为主要调研对象人群，通过问卷形式对居住区绿地的三个维度的指标因子进行评价。利用SPSS和结构方程模型的方法对量表的进行因子分析，验证后再利用结构方程模型进行评价指标各权重计算与分析。根据计算结果对城市居住区绿地安全提出合理化建议和策略探讨。 关键词：城市居住区绿地；女性视角；安全评价体系；评价方法 I Abstract The urban residential area is the environmental space on which the human beings can live, the important design principle of which is people-oriented, and the environmental construction of residential areas in the future should maintain sustainability and continue to advance and develop. Recently, people from all walks of life have been paying close attention to the construction of "safe community". The construction of "safe and healthy community" should consider not only community public safety, but also the people's outdoor fitness, daily travel safety and other environmental atmosphere problems. In the past, the construction of green space in the residential area was usually based on the general design of the "neutral view", and the people were treated as a group of "no gender difference". In Chinese history, as the main users and direct experiencers of gardens, female were often neglected about the existence and demand of female's space, especially the safety issues. We can often see women killed in media reports. At the same time, there are great differences in psychological, physiological and social roles between male and female, so there are differences in the security needs of green space in urban residential areas. It is of great significance for the humanized development of urban residential areas to explore the safety evaluation of green space in urban residential areas from the female’s perspective and to understand the female’s needs. Combined with environmental psychology, ergonomics, safety psychology and other subjects, this paper analyzed and summarized the relationship of "human-materials-environment" landscape safety system, sorted out the gender difference characteristics and women's demands, summarized the influence factors of safety evaluation on the green space in urban residential areas from the women's perspective, and established the safety evaluation system of green space in urban residential area based on the women's perspectives from 3 criterion layers (human safety awareness, material safety, environmental space security), 9 sub-criterion layers and 31 index layers (sense of belonging to environment, sense of personal territory, privacy of space, safety of facilities, safety of plant greening, safety of road paving, safety of walking space, safety of site environment, defensible level). The field research and field interview were conducted in the green space of six typical urban residential areas selected from "dual-core" areas on both sides of Nanchang City. According to the questionnaire design and investigation, the residents' concern about the frequency of safety issues was understood. In order to better go through the field research and field interview, the index factors of the three dimensions of the green space in the residential area were evaluated by means of the questionnaire taking women as the main research object. In this paper, the factor analysis of the scale was carried out by using the method of SPSS combined with the structural equation model, and the weight calculation and analysis of the evaluation index was ca