两株蒜头果内生木霉的物种鉴定及其对幼苗的促生作用研究_王俊威.pdf

2023，45（2）DOI：10.13836/j.jjau.2023028江西农业大学学报 Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensishttp:/两株蒜头果内生木霉的物种鉴定及其对幼苗的促生作用研究王俊威1，雷小铃1，陈婉东2，潘悦3*，王娟3*（1.西南林业大学 地理与生态旅游学院，云南 昆明 650224；2.西南林业大学 林学院，云南 昆明 650224；3.西南林业大学 绿色发展研究院，云南 昆明 650224）摘要：【目的】鉴定两株蒜头果内生木霉并探讨其对幼苗生长发育及抗性水平的影响，为蒜头果内生微生物资源利用及优质苗木培育提供参考依据。【方法】结合分子系统学和形态学方法鉴定两株蒜头果内生木霉，并对其产IAA和解钾能力进行定性和定量检测。将供试菌株接种于蒜头果幼苗，6个月后测定植株的生长性状、生物量、叶绿素含量及抗氧化酶活性，并对各测定指标进行相关性分析。【结果】经ITS、TEF和RPB2系统发育树分析以及菌落和微观形态观察，两株内生木霉分别鉴定为T.gamsii和T.koningiopsis。上述菌株均具有产IAA和解钾能力，其中T.gamsii的产IAA能力较强，为89.46 g/mL，T.koningiopsis的解钾能力较强，为29.26 g/mL。接种T.gamsii的蒜头果幼苗株高、叶片增量、茎粗和主根长较对照增加了162.16%、140.74%、44.83%和37.06%，且与接种T.koningiopsis的处理组及对照差异显著。经T.koningiopsis接种处理的幼苗茎粗较对照增加16.09%，且与对照差异显著。接种T.gamsii的幼苗根部吸器数量最多，为35.60个，其次是接种T.koningiopsis的处理组，均与对照差异显著，而对照组的幼苗根部吸器最大直径为1.58 cm，显著高于接菌组。而且接种T.gamsii的幼苗地上、地下和全株鲜重、干重均与对照差异显著，接种T.koningiopsis的幼苗全株鲜重显著高于对照。与此同时，接种T.gamsii的处理组幼苗叶绿素含量最高，为3.37 mg/g，其次是接种T.koningiopsis的处理组，二者分别较对照高出21.66%和7.58%，且均与对照差异显著。接种T.gamsii的幼苗叶片过氧化物酶（POD）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性最高，分别较对照高出 40.85%和 28.19%，接种 T.koningiopsis 的幼苗叶片 POD 活性较对照高出26.03%，且均与对照差异显著。此外，T.gamsii在蒜头果幼苗根系的定殖率为58.87%，T.koningiopsis的定殖率为52.16%。相关性分析表明，茎粗、吸器数量、全株鲜重、叶绿素含量及叶片POD活性除与最大吸器直径呈显著或极显著负相关外，与其余指标均呈显著或极显著正相关。【结论】T.gamsii和T.koningiopsis对蒜头果幼苗生长、生物量增加、叶绿素含量提高及抗氧化酶活性增强有积极的促进作用，其中T.gamsii的促生效果更为显著，为蒜头果理想的促生菌。关键词：蒜头果；内生木霉；物种鉴定；促生作用中图分类号：S182 文献标志码：A 开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：文章编号：1000-2286（2023）02-0273-12收稿日期：20220914 修回日期：20221215基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（32160008）、云南省重大基础专项生物资源数字化开发应用项目（202002AA100007）和云南省云岭产业技术领军人才项目（2018-212）Project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China（32160008），Major Science and Technology Project of Yunnan Province（202002AA100007）and Special Project of Ten Thousand Talents Plan-Yunling Industrial Technology Leading Talents of Yunnan Province（2018-212）作者简介：王俊威，硕士生,orcid.org/0000-0003-1411-7878，；*通信作者：潘悦，副研究员，博士，主要从事植物微生物资源研究，orcid.org/0000-0003-2130-8234，；王娟，教授，博士，博士生导师，主要从事生物多样性研究，orcid.org/0000-0002-2868-9175，。王俊威，雷小铃，陈婉东，等.两株蒜头果内生木霉的物种鉴定及其对幼苗的促生作用研究 J.江西农业大学学报，2023，45（2）：273-284.WANG J W,LEI X L,CHEN W D,et al.Identification of two endophytic Trichoderma Strains in Malania oleifera and their growth promoting effects on seedlingsJ.Acta agriculturae universitatis Jiangxiensis,2023,45(2):273-284.江 西 农 业 大 学 学 报第 45 卷Identification of Two Endophytic Trichoderma Strains in Malania oleifera and Their Growth Promoting Effects on SeedlingsWANG Junwei1，LEI Xiaoling1，CHEN Wandong2，PAN Yue3*，WANG Juan3*（1.School of Geography and Ecotourism，Southwest Forestry University，Kunming 650224，China；2.College of Forestry，Southwest Forestry University，Kunming 650224，China；3.Eco-development Academy，Southwest Forestry University，Kunming 650224，China）Abstract：Objective Two endophytic Trichoderma strains from Malania oleifera were identified and their effects on the growth and development of seedlings and the level of resistance were explored，thus providing reference for the utilization of microbial resources in M.oleifera and the cultivation of high-quality seedlings.Method Two endophytic Trichoderma strains were identified as T.gamsii and T.koningiopsis by the molecular systematics and morphological methods，and their producing IAA and potassium resolving abilities were detected qualitatively and quantitatively.After 6 months inoculating with the tested strains，the growth characteristics，biomass，chlorophyll content，and antioxidant enzyme activities of M.oleifera seedlings were measured，and the correlation analysis was conducted on the measured indexes.Result Through the phylogenetic tree analysis of ITS，TEF and RPB2，and observation of colony and micromorphology，two endophytic Trichoderma strains were identified as T.gamsii and T.koningiopsis.The two strains both have the ability to produce IAA and resolve potassium.The production of IAA was stronger in T.gamsii，which was 89.46 g/mL，and the ability to dissolve potassium of T.koningiopsis were stronger，which was 29.26 g/mL.The plant height，leaf increment，stem diameter and main root length of the treatment inoculated with T.gamsii were 162.16%，140.74%，44.83%and 37.06%higher than those of the control，and there was significant differences in growth traits compared from the treatment inoculated with T.koningiopsis and the control.The stem diameter of the treatment inoculated with T.koningiopsis increased by 16.09%，there was significant differences from that of the control.The number of haustoria in the root of the treatment inoculated with T.gamsii was the largest，which was 35.6，followed by the treatment inoculated with T.koningiopsis，and there were significant differences from the control.The maximum diameter of root haustorium of M.oleifera seedling was 1.58 cm in the control，which was significantly higher than that in the inoculation treatments.Furthermore，there were significant differences in the fresh mass and dry mass between aboveground，underground and the whole plant between the treatment inoculated with T.gamsii and the control.There was significant differences in the fre