呼吸系统--组织学和胚胎学.pptx

Respiratory system,第一页，共三十一页。,Respiratory system,第二页，共三十一页。,Nasal cavity,pharynx&larynx.Trachea&bronchi.Lung.,第三页，共三十一页。,一、trachea,第四页，共三十一页。,trachea(HE),Mixed gland,第五页，共三十一页。,EM:epithelium of trachea,4.Small granule C,1.Ciliated C,2.Brush C,3.Goblet C,5.Basal C,第六页，共三十一页。,The wall of trachea,1.Mucosa=epithelium+lamina propria pseudostratiated ciliated columnar Ciliated C,goblet C,brush C,basal C,small granular C.2.Submucosa=CT+mixed glands3.Adventitia=16-20 C shaped hayline cartilage rings.,第七页，共三十一页。,atmosphere&alveoli alveoli&blood(blood&tissue),Gas exchange,二、lung,第八页，共三十一页。,Lung Low power,第九页，共三十一页。,lung,parenchyma:bronchial trees&alveoli.Principal bronchi(Br)lobular、segmental Brsmaller Brbronchioleterminal bronchiolerespiratory bronchiolealveolar duct、alveolar sacalveoli.Conduction portion:above terminal bronchioles.Respiratory portion:respiratory bronchiole to alveoli.Pulmonary lobule:bronchiole and its ramifications.,第十页，共三十一页。,Conduction portionlobular Br&small Br,EpitheliumGoblet CGlandsCartilage plateSMC,第十一页，共三十一页。,Conduction portionbronchiole&terminal brochiole,Simple ciliated columnar.Goblet C Gland Cartilage plate SMC,第十二页，共三十一页。,Rules of structural variance in conducting portion,第十三页，共三十一页。,Respiratory portionRespiratory bronchiole,The wall is interruptedSimple cuboidal Epi,clara CSMC,第十四页，共三十一页。,Respiratory portionAlveolar duct&alveolar sac,The wall,many alveoliSMC*Simple cuboidal,squamous,Alveolar duct,Alveolar sac,No SMC*,第十五页，共三十一页。,Respiratory portionalveolus,肺泡管,Simple alveolar Epi.,第十六页，共三十一页。,(1)Respiratory portion,#constituents：respiratory bronchiole，alveolar duct，alveolar sac，alveolus。1.Respiratory bronchioleThe wall,few alveoli open into.Simple cuboidal Epi,SMC.,第十七页，共三十一页。,(2)Respiratory portion,2.Alveolar duct&alveolar sacThe wall,many alveoli open into.Knobs in the wall of alveolar duct Knobs is sphincter-like SMC.,第十八页，共三十一页。,(3)Respiratory portion,3.alveolus:type I alveolar C type II alveolar C alveolar septum.,第十九页，共三十一页。,Type II alveolar C,macrophage,Elastic fiber,第二十页，共三十一页。,type I alveolar C,第二十一页，共三十一页。,Type II alveolar C,Osmiophilic Multilamellar bodies,第二十二页，共三十一页。,blood-air barrier,第二十三页，共三十一页。,Alveoli,Type I cellsquamous,covered most surface of the alveoli.,Type II cellLM:round or cuboidal,cell body protrude into the lumen.EM:osmiophilic multilamellar body,with abundant phospholipids.Functions:secret surfactant,reduce surface tension,stabilize alveoli.,第二十四页，共三十一页。,Alveolar septum:continuous Cap.,elastic fiber.macrophage dust C.blood-air barrier includes:1.mucus layer on surface of alveoli2.type I alveolar C3.BM of alveolar C4.delicate layer of CT5.continuous Cap.BM6.continuous Cap.Endothelium.,第二十五页，共三十一页。,Terminalbronchiole,Respiratorybronchiole,Alveolar duct,Alveolar sac,1,2,3,4,第二十六页，共三十一页。,Rules of structural variance in respiratory portion,第二十七页，共三十一页。,Alveolar epithelial cell,Type I cell can not regenerate.Type II cell can differentiate into Type I cell.,*,第二十八页，共三十一页。,keypoints,The basic structure of trachea.Histologic structure of conduction portion.Histologic structure of respiratory portion.Esp.the alveolar epithelium,第二十九页，共三十一页。,Thank you!,第三十页，共三十一页。,内容总结,Respiratory。1.Mucosa=epithelium+lamina propria。+。+。SMC*。No SMC*。5.continuous Cap.BM。6.continuous Cap.Endothelium.。*。Thank you,第三十一页，共三十一页。,