节能基础科学41NO.052023节能ENERGYCONSERVATION含金属骨架相变材料的凝固特性研究尚荣真陈宝明云和明张明崔云杰(山东建筑大学热能工程学院,山东济南250101)摘要:相变材料中添加金属骨架是提高相变材料热性能的有效途径之一。采用有限元方法研究不同材料(Sn、Al、Cu)金属骨架对相变材料凝固特性的影响。结果显示:添加金属骨架使相变材料的凝固速率加快;随着金属骨架导热系数增加,相变材料凝固速度加快,蓄热装置内部温度均匀性得到改善。金属骨架的导热系数影响凝固过程的传热特性。导热系数较低时,凝固过程传热方式为热传导和热对流;导热系数较高时,传热方式主要为热传导。关键词:凝固;金属骨架;数值模拟;自然对流中图分类号:TB34文献标识码:A文章编号:1004-7948(2023)05-0041-06doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-7948.2023.05.011ResearchonsolidificationcharacteristicsofphasechangematerialscontainingmetalskeletonSHANGRong-zhenCHENBao-mingYUNHe-mingZHANGMingCUIYun-jieAbstract:Addingametalskeletontoaphasechangematerialisoneoftheeffectivewaystoimprovethethermalpropertiesofphasechangematerials.Thefiniteelementmethodisusedtostudytheinfluenceofmetalskeletonsofdifferentmaterials(Sn,Al,Cu)onthesolidificationcharacteristicsofphasechangematerials.Theresultshowthattheadditionofametalskeletonacceleratedthesolidificationrateofthephasechangematerial.Withtheincreaseofthethermalconductivityofthemetalskeleton,thesolidificationrateofthephasechangematerialisaccelerated,andtheinternaltemperatureuniformityoftheheatstoragedeviceisimproved.Thethermalconductivityofthemetalskeletonaffectstheheattransfercharacteristicsofthesolidificationprocess.Whenthethermalconductivityislow,theheattransfermodeofthesolidificationprocessisheatconductionandheatconvection,andwhenthethermalconductivityishigh,theheattransfermethodismainlyheatconduction.Keywords:solidification;metalskeleton;numericalsimulation;naturalconvection引言为了实现2030年碳达峰和2060年碳中和的目标,发展建筑节能技术已成为提高能源利用率的有效途径。相变储能技术可以改善能源在时间和空间上供需不平衡的问题,将相变材料添加到建筑围护结构中构成潜热蓄热系统,潜热蓄热系统的相变材料(PhaseChang...