接种4种外生菌根真菌对‘檀...生长、光合及养分含量的影响_戴伟红.pdf

2023，45（2）DOI：10.13836/j.jjau.2023031江西农业大学学报 Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensishttp:/接种4种外生菌根真菌对 檀桥 板栗幼苗生长、光合及养分含量的影响戴伟红，邹锋，江盈，左荣花，田诗义，殷慧敏，熊欢*（中南林业科技大学 林学院/经济林培育与保护教育部重点实验室，湖南 长沙 410004）摘要：【目的】研究接种4种外生菌根真菌对 檀桥 板栗（Castanea mollissima Tanqiao）幼苗生长的影响，为板栗菌根化育苗技术提供科学依据。【方法】以 檀桥 板栗家系苗为材料，采用经课题组前期分离纯化和分子鉴定所获得的中华豆马勃（Pisolithus orientalis LY-8）、橙黄硬皮马勃（Scleroderma citrinum LY-9）、硬皮马勃属未知种1（Scleroderma sp.1，LY-17-2）和未知种2（Scleroderma sp.2，MB）进行接种，比较了接种和未接种 檀桥 板栗幼苗的菌根侵染率、生长指标（苗高、地径、生物量、根系）、光合指标及氮磷钾养分含量的差异。【结果】（1）接种4个月后，4种外生菌根真菌均能成功侵染 檀桥 板栗，接种LY-17-2的侵染率显著高于其他3种真菌，达86.40%。（2）接种4种菌根真菌均能显著提高 檀桥 板栗幼苗苗高、地径、生物量、根系构型指标和苗木质量指数（SQI）。其中，接种LY-17-2的总生物量显著高于LY-9，达12.61 g/株；接种LY-8的幼苗总根长、表面积、体积、根尖数显著高于接种其他3种真菌的幼苗；接种LY-17-2和LY-8的SQI值（1.44和1.43）显著高于未接种的（0.76）。（3）接种LY-17-2的幼苗净光合速率和水分利用率最大，分别是6.51 mol/（m2s）和9.47 mol/mmol；接种LY-8的幼苗叶片叶绿素总含量显著高于接种其他3种真菌；接种4种菌根真菌均显著促进了 檀桥 板栗幼苗在根、茎、叶中N、P含量的积累。【结论】接种4种外生菌根真菌均能扩大幼苗根系，促进植株对养分的积累，提高光合利用率，促进 檀桥 板栗幼苗的生长。经综合比较，接种LY-8和LY-17-2对 檀桥 板栗幼苗促生效果最好。关键词：板栗；幼苗；外生菌根真菌；光合作用；养分含量中图分类号：S718.81 文献标志码：A 开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：文章编号：1000-2286（2023）02-0311-11Effect of Four Ectomycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation on Growth，Photosynthesis，and Nutrient Content of Castanea mollissima Tanqiao SeedlingsDAI Weihong，ZOU Feng，JIANG Ying，ZUO Ronghua，TIAN Shiyi，YIN Huimin，XIONG Huan*收稿日期：20220613 修回日期：20220908基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（32001309）和中央财政林业科技推广示范资金项目（2021XT01号）Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China（32001309）and the Central Finance Forestry Science and Technology Promotion Demonstration Fund Project（2021 XT01）作者简介：戴伟红，硕士生，orcid.org/0000-0001-8585-1151，；*通信作者:熊欢，博士，主要从事苗木培育与良种繁育研究，orcid.org/0000-0003-3164-0433，。戴伟红，邹锋，江盈，等.接种4种外生菌根真菌对 檀桥 板栗幼苗生长、光合及养分含量的影响 J.江西农业大学学报，2023，45（2）：311-321.DAI W H,ZOU F,JIANG Y,et al.Effect of four ectomycorrhizal fungi inoculation on the growth，photosynthesis，and nutrient content of Castanea mollissima Tanqiao seedlingsJ.Acta agriculturae universitatis Jiangxiensis,2023,45(2):311-321.江 西 农 业 大 学 学 报第 45 卷（College of Forestry,Central South University of Forestry and Technology；Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees，Ministry of Education，Changsha 410004，China）Abstract：Objective By investigating the effects of inoculation with four kinds of ectomycorrhizal fungi on the growth of Castanea mollissima Tanqiao seedlings，this study aims to provide scientific information for chestnut mycorrhizal seedlings.Methods C.mollissima Tanqiao family seedlings were used as plant materials to be inoculated with Pisolithus orientalis（LY-8），Scleroderma citrinum（LY-9），scleroderma sp.1（LY-17-2），scleroderma sp.2（MB），which were isolated，purified and identified by the research group.The mycorrhizal infection rate，growth index（including the seedling height，ground diameter，biomass，root system），photosynthetic index and N，P，K nutrient content between inoculated and non-inoculated chestnut seedlings were examined.ResultThe results showed that：（1）Four kinds of ectomycorrhizal fungi could successfully infect C.mollissima Tanqiao after inoculation for four months，and the infection rate of LY-17-2 was significantly higher than that of the other three fungi，reaching 86.40%.（2）Inoculation of the four mycorrhizal fungi could significantly improve the seedling height，ground diameter，biomass，root configuration and seedling quality index（SQI）of C.mollissima Tanqiao seedlings.Among them，the total biomass of inoculated LY-17-2 was significantly higher than that of LY-9，reaching 12.61 g/plant；The total root length，surface area，volume and number of root tips of the seedlings inoculated with LY-8 were significantly higher than those inoculated with the other three fungi；The SQI values of inoculated LY-17-2 and LY-8（1.44 and 1.43）were significantly higher than those of non inoculated LY-17-2 and LY-8（0.76）.（3）The seedlings inoculated with LY-17-2 had the highest net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency，which were 6.51 mol/（m-2s）and 9.47 mol/mmol；The total chlorophyll content of the seedlings inoculated with LY-8 was significantly higher than that of the other three fungi；Inoculation four kind of mycorrhizal fungi significantly promoted the accumulation of N and P contents in the roots，stems and leaves of C.mollissima Tanqiao seedlings.ConclusionInoculation four kind of mycorrhizal fungi can expand the root system of seedlings，promote the accumulation of nutrients，improve the photosynthetic utilization rate，and promote the growth of C.mollissima Tanqiao seedlings.Through comprehensive comparison，inoculating LY-8 and LY-17-2 had the best effect on promoting the growth of C.mollissima Tanqiao seedlings.Keywords：Castanea mollissima；seedling；Ectomycorrhizal fungi；photosynthesis；nutrient content【研究意义】板栗（Castanea mollissima）属壳斗科（Fagaceae）栗属（Castanea Miller）植物，其坚果美味可口，营养价值高，素有“铁杆庄稼”“木本粮食”之美誉1-2。发展板栗产业，对于推动山区绿色经济和乡村振兴具有重要的意义3。目前，我国板栗仍处于大田实生苗嫁接良种的繁殖阶段，移栽定植过程中起苗易伤主根，加之板栗主根再生能力较弱4，苗木质量不能得到有效保障。在丘陵山地造林存在缓苗期长、苗木生长慢等问题，如何培育优质板栗苗木以适应瘠薄的山地亟待解决。经研究表明，菌根化育苗可提高苗木生物量、苗木质量和山地造林成活率，增强其抗逆性5-6。菌根化育苗技术是