2022
医学
专题
急救
室颤的识别(shbi)与急救Ventricular FibrillationEmergency Management,1,第一页,共十七页。,学习(xux)目标 Learning Objectives,2,第二页,共十七页。,概念(ginin)Definition,最严重(ynzhng)的心律失常之一(most severe arrhythmia),心室(xnsh)丧失有效的整体收缩能力(uncoordinated contraction of ventricle),心肌快而不协调的颤动(rapid and disorganized fibrillation),室颤,3,第三页,共十七页。,临床表现 Clinical Manifestation,4,1.面色苍白或青紫 Cyanosis2.意识丧失(sngsh)Loss of consciousness3.全身抽搐 Convulsion4.阿斯综合症 Adams-Stokes Syndrome5.呼吸循环骤停 Sudden arrest of Respiration and Circulation,第四页,共十七页。,心电图 ECG Manifestation,5,In VF,there is no clear P and QRS waves,the waveform amplitude and frequency are disorganized,frequency could be 250-500 beats per minute.,第五页,共十七页。,室颤急救(jji)处理Emergency Management,病人呼之不应,无心跳(xn tio)及呼吸,心电监护示室颤,即刻胸外心脏按压,以C-A-B顺序开始(kish)CPR同时呼叫医生让另一护士去取除颤仪,立即电击除颤,床边没有除颤仪,有除颤仪,电击:单向波360J 双相波200J马上进行5个CPR循环评估节律,必要时再次电击,6,第六页,共十七页。,早期(zoq)除颤Early Defibrillation,不及时救治,室颤在几分钟内导致猝死(c s)除颤是终止室颤最为有效的方法除颤成功的可能性随时间推移而下降从室颤发作到给予电击的时间不应超过3分钟,7,第七页,共十七页。,除颤 Defibrillation,对心脏(xnzng)的电击 electric shock,消除(xioch)原有的异位心律 let random action to stop,使心脏(xnzng)转复为窦性心律Convert heart to normal sinus rhythm,除颤,8,第八页,共十七页。,除颤适应症 Indications,9,第九页,共十七页。,除颤三步 3 Main Steps,10,第十页,共十七页。,除颤操作(cozu)Basic Operation Steps,1.打开(d ki)电源,11,3.充电(chng din),2.选择合适的能量,4.生理盐水纱布置于病人胸壁,第十一页,共十七页。,除颤操作(cozu)Basic Operation Steps,12,7.提醒(t xng)大家离床,8.同时按下放(xifng)电键,5.放置电极板,6.心电图确认为室颤,第十二页,共十七页。,电极(dinj)板位置 Position of Paddles,心尖部:Apex 放于左腋前线第四肋间心底部:Sternum 放于胸骨右缘第二肋间两电极(dinj)板位置距离10cm以上除颤时避开皮肤破溃处,永久起搏器植入部位放电时按压力量:10kg,心尖(xnjin)部,心底部,13,第十三页,共十七页。,除颤后处理 After Defibrillation,恢复(huf)窦性心律-成功!,心脏(xnzng)一直线:1.心脏按压2.肾上腺素1mgiv 3-5min重复一次,仍为室颤 1.继续(jx)胸外心脏按压,再次除颤 2.遵医嘱给药,胺碘酮或利多卡因,14,第十四页,共十七页。,总结(zngji)Conclusion,P和QRS波群消失(xiosh),代之以波形、振幅及频率极不规则的细颤波,频率达到250-500次/分,立即以C-A-B顺序开始CPR,呼叫医生,另一名护士(h shi)去取除颤仪,除颤仪到位后立即除颤,1.选择能量 单相波360J 双相波200J2.充电3.放电,15,第十五页,共十七页。,16,谢谢(xi xie)大家!Thank you,第十六页,共十七页。,内容(nirng)总结,室颤的识别(shbi)与急救Ventricular FibrillationEmergency Management。室颤的识别(shbi)与急救Ventricular FibrillationEmergency Management。学习目标 Learning Objectives。Distinguish ECG of VF。Master Emergency Management of VF,第十七页,共十七页。,