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肝脏
妊娠
影像
表现
2021,31(11):1836-1841 20Yakushiji Y,Wilson D,Ambler G,et al Distribution of cerebralmicrobleeds in the east and west:individual participant meta-a-nalysisJ Neurology,2019,92(10):1086-1097 21Ingala S,Mazzai L,Sudre CH,et al The relation betweenAPOE genotype and cerebral microbleeds in cognitively unim-paired middle-and old-aged individuals J Neurobiol Aging,2020,95(1):104-114 22Groot C,Sudre CH,Barkhof F,et al Clinical phenotype,atro-phy,and small vessel disease in APOE2 carriers with AlzheimerdiseaseJ Neurology,2018,91(20):1851-1859 23Stefaniak JD,Su L,Mak E,et al Cerebral small vessel diseasein middle age and genetic predisposition to late-onset AlzheimersdiseaseJ Alzheimers Dement,2018,14(2):253-258 24Wach KA,Ycka E,Kozera G,et al Cerebral microbleeds inneurological practice:concepts,diagnostics and clinical aspects J Neurol Neurochir Pol,2021,55(5):450-461 25Elmsthl S,Ellstrm K,Siennicki LA,et al Association betweencerebral microbleeds and hypertension in the swedish general pop-ulation Good Aging in Skne study J The Journal of ClinicalHypertension,2019,21(8):1099-1107 26Ding J,Sigurdsson S,Garcia M,et al isk factors associatedwith incident cerebral microbleeds according to location in olderpeople:the age,gene/environment susceptibility(AGES)-rey-kjavik study J JAMA Neurol,2015,72(6):682-688 27路秋云,任海燕,陈旭 老年大动脉粥样硬化型脑梗死患者脑微出血的危险因素分析J 中华老年心脑血管病杂志,2021,23(8):839-842 28Wilson D,Ambler G,Lee KJ,et al Cerebral microbleeds andstroke risk after ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack:apooled analysis of individual patient data from cohort studies JThe Lancet Neurology,2019,18(7):653-665 29Albay C,Leyson F,Cheng FC Dual versus mono antiplatelettherapy for acute non-cardio embolic ischemic stroke or transientischemic attack,an efficacy and safety analysis-updated meta-a-nalysis J BMC Neurology,2020,20(1):224-234 30Al-Shahi S,Minks DP,Mitra D,et al Effects of antiplatelettherapy on stroke risk by brain imaging features of intracerebralhaemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases:subgroup analy-ses of the ESTAT randomised,open-label trial J The Lan-cet Neurology,2019,18(7):643-652 31高科,艾松涛,罗禹,等 SWI 诊断脑微出血对缺血性脑卒中临床随访价值研究 J 放射学实践,2020,35(7):834-839 32Park MY,Park HJ,Shin DS Distribution analysis of cerebralmicrobleeds in Alzheimers disease and cerebral infarction withsusceptibility weighted M imaging J Journal of the KoreanNeurological Association,2017,35(2):72-79 33袁斌 老年急性脑梗死伴脑微出血患者脑电图反应性与早期神经功能缺损的相关性J 中华老年医学杂志,2021,40(4):454-458 34Powers WJ,abinstein AA,Ackerson T,et al 2018 guidelinesfor the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke:aguideline for healthcare professionals from the american heart as-sociation/american stroke association J Stroke,2018,49(3):46-110(收稿日期:2021-12-03)肝脏异位妊娠影像学表现 1 例Imaging features of ectopic pregnancy in liver:one case report何志强,傅晓明江苏省南京市高淳人民医院医学影像科江苏南京211300【关键词】异位;妊娠;肝脏;影像学诊断中图分类号:714 22;445文献标识码:B文章编号:1006-9011(2023)04-0644-02患者女,29 岁,孕 4 产 1。末次月经:2021 年 5 月 25日,平时月经规则,月经量中等。末次流产时间 2020 年 10月(药物流产)。因停经 48 天,腰胀 2 天就诊入院。查体:腹部平坦,无压痛,未触及包块。妇科体检:子宫检查无压痛及异常包块。实验室检查:血人绒毛膜促性腺激素为 14516.000 mIU/ml。超声检查:子宫大小、形态可,宫腔波居中。肌壁回声欠均匀。内膜回声均匀,内膜厚 5 7 mm。肝右前叶下缘24 mm 27 mm 19 mm 囊性包块,内见12 mm 6mm 类胚胎结构,卵黄囊未见,胎心搏动未见,周边见稀疏血流信号(图 1)。超声诊断:未见明显宫内妊娠证据;肝右前叶下缘囊性包块(腹腔妊娠可能性大)。CT 检查:胸部 CT 扫及肝脏 S5 段见类圆形厚壁囊性灶(图 2)。MI:肝脏前下缘见囊性异常信号影,约 30 mm 25 mm,其内见结节状 T1稍高 T2稍低信号,弥散受限改变(图 3 5)。MI 诊断:肝脏前下缘囊性混杂信号,符合异位妊娠。手术见肝脏 S5 段有一直径 5 cm 囊性占位,结合术前 HCG 升高,术中考虑肝脏妊娠。循孕囊周围1cm行肝脏S5段的楔形切除,术程顺(下转 651 页)446医学影像学杂志 2023 年第 33 卷第 4 期J Med Imaging Vol33 No4 2023rim enhancement of breast cancer on dynamic contrast-enhancedMI and patient outcome:impact of subtypeJ Breast Canceresearch and Treatment,2014,148(3):541-551 24Cheng X,Xia L,Sun S A pre-operative MI-based brain metas-tasis risk-prediction model for triple-negative breast cancer J Gland Surgery,2021,10(9):2715-2723 25Moy L,Noz ME,Maguire GQ,Jr,et al ole of fusion of proneFDG-PET and magnetic resonance imaging of the breasts in the e-valuation of breast cancer J The Breast Journal,2010,16(4):369-376 26Wu M,Chen T,Wang L,et al The strategy of precise targetingand in situ oxygenating for enhanced triple-negative breast cancerchemophototherapy J Nanoscale,2022,14(23):8349-8361 27Catalano OA,Daye D,Signore A,et al Staging performance ofwhole-body DWI,PET/CT and PET/MI in invasive ductal car-cinoma of the breast J International Journal of Oncology,2017,51(1):281-288(收稿日期:2022-09-20)(上接 644 页)图 1超声显示肝右前叶下缘囊性包块,内见类胚胎结构,卵黄囊未见,胎心搏动未见,周边见稀疏血流信号图 2胸部 CT 扫描及肝脏S5 段见类圆形厚壁囊性灶图 3 5MI 显示肝脏前下缘孕囊及其内胚胎结构,弥散受限图 6病理诊断肝脏妊娠(HE 100)利。术后剖验标本见孕囊内死胎,送检病理:(部分肝脏及妊娠组织)肝脏妊娠(图 6)。讨论:肝脏异位妊娠继发于输卵管妊娠,受精卵首先异位于输卵管,进入盆腔后随着肠管蠕动的顺时针效应,使孕卵上移与腹膜表面接触,或依附腹腔液体的流动,着床于肝包膜。肝包膜及肝实质血供丰富,适应胚胎的生长发育1。肝脏异位妊娠极为罕见,极易在妊娠早期破裂,引起大量出血2。早期诊断肝脏妊娠十分重要,因为肝脏异位妊娠死亡率是输卵管异位妊娠的 7 7 倍,是宫内妊娠的 90 倍3。本例肝脏异位妊娠患者为育龄期妇女,停经 48 天,HCG 指数升高明显;超声检查见肝右前叶下缘类胚胎结构,未见卵黄囊,未见胎心搏动,周边见稀疏血流信号。CT及MI平扫均见肝左叶囊性灶,该患者病灶隐匿,且缺乏特异性表现,容易误诊为肝脏肿瘤,应结合临床表现,实验室及影像学检查综合分析,与肝内原发病灶鉴别。同时 CT 及 MI 可将局部解剖结构显示的更加清晰、明确,对于手术方式的选择至关重要。参考文献:1毛一朴,马隆佰,黄涛,等 肝脏异位妊娠影像表现一例J中华放射学杂志 2016,50(8):6