呼吸机相关知识呼吸机相关知识(zhīshi)(zhīshi)及初始设置及初始设置第一页,共一百零三页。第一页,共一百零三页。第二页,共一百零三页。第二页,共一百零三页。管道(guǎndào)+气囊模式•气道(Tube)•肺泡(Balloon)呼吸道呼吸道第三页,共一百零三页。第三页,共一百零三页。吸气吸气(xīqì)(xīqì)正压通气正压通气(tōngqì)(tōngqì)自主自主(zìzh)ǔ(zìzh)ǔ呼吸呼吸PPtt肺泡压力变化:正压同期和自肺泡压力变化:正压同期和自主呼吸的对比主呼吸的对比第四页,共一百零三页。第四页,共一百零三页。第五页,共一百零三页。第五页,共一百零三页。•压力Pressure•容量(róngliàng)Volume•时间Time•流量Flow关键词第六页,共一百零三页。第六页,共一百零三页。•气体对容器壁的压力–气体分子(fēnzǐ)对容器壁的碰撞–分子越多,碰撞的几率越大•在一定范围内,气体分子越多(容量越大),对容器的压力就越大。压力(yālì)和容量第七页,共一百零三页。第七页,共一百零三页。““管管道道的的特性特性(tèxìng)(tèxìng)””Pressuredifference=FlowRatexResistanceoftheTubePressuredifference=FlowRatexResistanceoftheTubePressuredifference=FlowRatexResistanceoftheTubePressuredifference=FlowRatexResistanceoftheTubeR=R=PPFFR=R=88LLvisc.visc.rr44气道阻力(zǔlì)第八页,共一百零三页。第八页,共一百零三页。顺应性(顺应性(compliancecompliance))““气囊气囊(qìnáng)(qìnáng)的的特性”特性”VolumeChange=PressureDifferencexComplianceoftheBalloonVolumeChange=PressureDifferencexComplianceoftheBalloonVolumeChange=PressureDifferencexComplianceoftheBalloonVolumeChange=PressureDifferencexComplianceoftheBalloonVolumeVolumePressurePressureVVPPC=C=VVPP第九页,共一百零三页。第九页,共一百零三页。C-顺应性(compliance)ΔV-容量(róngliàng)变化ΔP-压力变化PVC)(PEEPPVCPlatTstat)(PEEPPVCPeakTdyn单位单位(dānwèi)(dānwèi)压力下容量的变化压力下容量的变化静态静态(jìngtài)(jìngtài)顺应性动态顺应性顺应性动态顺应性CCDD//第十页,共一百零三页。第十页,共一百零三页。•临床上降低肺顺应性的常见因素静态顺应性:肥胖痰液滞留肺不张ARDS张力性气胸动态(dòngtài)...