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腹腔镜
子宫
切除
术中侧入
膀胱
封闭
影响
邱卫芳
-41-Chinese and Foreign Medical Research Vol.21,No.11 April,2023中外医学研究第 21 卷 第 11 期(总第 559 期)2023 年 4月临床与实践 Linchuangyushijian麻城市中医医院湖北麻城438300腹腔镜下全子宫切除术中侧入与直入分离法对膀胱子宫陷凹封闭的影响 邱卫芳【摘要】目的:分析腹腔镜下全子宫切除术中侧入与直入分离法对膀胱子宫陷凹封闭的影响。方法:选定 2020 年 1 月2022 年 1 月麻城市中医医院妇产科住院的 60 例行腹腔镜下全子宫切除术膀胱子宫陷凹封闭患者。根据随机法将其分为侧入法组及直入法组,各 30 例。侧入法组给予侧入分离法,直入法组给予直入分离法。比较两组围手术期指标,术前 12 h、术后 12 h 卵巢储备功能、炎症指标及并发症。结果:侧入法组术中出血量少于直入法组,手术时间、住院时间均短于直入法组,肛门排气时间早于直入法组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组术后 12 h E2与术前 12 h 比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),两组术后 12 h FSH、LH 均高于术前 12 h,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。侧入法组术后 12 h 超敏 C 反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞计数(WBC)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平均低于直入法组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。侧入法组并发症发生率低于直入法组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:侧入与直入分离法对腹腔镜下全子宫切除术膀胱子宫陷凹封闭的患者卵巢储备功能影响均较小,但侧入分离法耗时更短,并发症发生率更低,术后机体炎症反应更轻,具有一定的安全性。【关键词】侧入分离法直入分离法腹腔镜下全子宫切除术膀胱子宫陷凹封闭doi:10.14033/ki.cfmr.2023.11.011 文献标识码B 文章编号1674-6805(2023)11-0041-05Effect of Separation Method of Lateral and Direct Approaches on Vesicouterine Pouch,Cavum Vesico-uterus Closure in Laparoscopic Total Hysterectomy/QIU Weifang./Chinese and Foreign Medical Research,2023,21(11):41-45AbstractObjective:To analyze the effect of separation method of lateral and direct approaches on vesicouterine pouch,cavum vesico-uterus closure in laparoscopic total hysterectomy.Method:From January 2020 to January 2022,60 patients with vesicouterine pouch,cavum vesico-uterus closure hospitalized in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Macheng Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine who underwent laparoscopic total hysterectomy were selected.According to the random method,they were divided into lateral approach method group and direct approach method group,with 30 cases in each group.The lateral approach method group was given the lateral approach separation method,and the direct approach method group was given the direct approach separation method.The perioperative indexes,ovarian reserve function,inflammatory indexes 12 hours before and 12 hours after operation and complications were compared between the two groups.Result:The intraoperative blood loss volume of the lateral approach method group was less than that of the direct approach method group,the operation time and hospital stay were shorter than those of the direct approach method group,and the anal exhaust time was earlier than that of the direct approach method group,and the differences were statistically significant(P0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in E2 between the two groups at 12 hours after operation and 12 hours before operation(P0.05),the FSH and LH levels at 12 hours after operation in both groups were higher than those at 12 hours before operation,the differences were statistically significant(P0.05).The levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),white blood cell count(WBC)and interleukin-6(IL-6)at 12 hours after operation in the lateral approach method group were lower than those in the direct approach method group,and the differences were statistically significant(P0.05).The incidence of complications in the lateral approach method group was lower than that in the direct approach method group,and the difference was statistically significant(P0.05),有可比性。本研究经医院医学伦理委员会审批,患者均知晓本研究目的,并自愿参与。1.2方法两组均给予硬膜外麻醉或全身麻醉,协助患者采取膀胱截石位,常规消毒术区并铺无菌单,在脐部做一长为 12 cm 的切口,将 10 mm 套管置入,建立二氧化碳(CO2)气腹,腹压控制在 13 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)。侧入法组给予侧入分离法。在腹腔镜的辅助下,将卵巢固有韧带、输卵管及双侧子宫圆韧带凝固并切断,同时将双侧阔韧带前叶切断,直至膀胱腹膜折返处,置入举宫器,向侧方平举子宫,将阔韧带间隙分离并使其暴露,向内侧分离,直至宫颈周边结缔组织,顺着膀胱宫颈筋膜的方向,钝性分离膀胱宫颈间隙,确定膀胱宫颈间隙位置后,紧贴子宫颈,将膀胱从阴道上段、子宫颈推开,直至子宫黏连处与膀胱的下方,松解黏连组织,将膀胱子宫反折腹膜打开,解剖出双侧子宫血管,常规开展全子宫切除术。直入法组给予直入分离法。采用超声刀将圆韧带切断,并将阔韧带前叶打开,直至膀胱腹膜反折处,在与子宫颈紧贴的前提下对膀胱宫颈间隙进行钝性分离,并将膀胱下推直至宫颈外口水平以下方向,常规开展全子宫切除术。1.3观察指标及评价标准(1)围手术期指标:比较两组围手术期指标,包括术中出血量、手术时间、肛门排气时间、住院时间。(2)卵巢储备功能、炎症指标:术前 12 h、术后12 h 抽取两组患者 5 mL 空腹静脉血,离心 10 min,4 000 r/min 离心速率,8 cm 离心半径,将上层清液分离后保存在-80 环境,以化学发光法检测雌二醇(E2)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH),以 ELISA 法检测超敏 C 反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞计数(WBC)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)。(3)并发症:统计两组术后膀胱损伤、输尿管损伤、尿潴留发生率。1.4统计学处理本研究数据采用 SPSS 26.0 统计学软件进行分析和处理,符合正态分布计量资料(围手术期指标、卵巢储备功能、血清炎症指标等)以(x-s)表示,采用 t 检验,计数资料(并发症等)以率(%)表示,采用 2检验,以 P0.05 为差异有统计学意义。2结果2.1两组围手术期指标比较侧入法组术中出血量少于直入法组,手术时间、-43-Chinese and Foreign Medical Research Vol.21,No.11 April,2023中外医学研究第 21 卷 第 11 期(总第 559 期)2023 年 4月临床与实践 Linchuangyushijian住院时间均短于直入法组,肛门排气时间早于直入法组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组术后 12 h E2与术前 12 h 比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),两组术后 12 h FSH、LH 均高于术前 12 h,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);侧入法组术后 12 h hs-CRP、WBC、IL-6 水平均低于直入法组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),见表 3。2.4两组并发症发生情况比较侧入法组并发症发生率低于直入法组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05;#表示与本组术前 12 h 比较,P0.05。表3两组术前12h及术后12h炎症指标比较(x-s)组别hs-CRP(mg/L)WBC(109/L)IL-6(ng/L)术前 12 h术后 12 h术前 12 h术后 12 h术前 12 h术后 12 h侧入法组(n=30)7.240.52 9.961.247.261.34 9.851.548.622.6612.524.18直入法组(n=30)7.520.6610.841.857.221.3911.952.448.592.5519.625.37t 值1.8252.1640.1133.9860.0455.715P 值0.0730.0350.9100.0000.9650.000表4两组并发症发生情况比较例(%)组别膀胱损伤输尿管损伤尿潴留合计侧入法组(n=30)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)直入法组(n=30)1(3.33)1(3.33)4(13.33)6(20.00)2值4.630P 值0.0313讨论近年来,在腹腔镜器械不断发展、完善的背景下,腹腔镜全子宫切除术已被广泛应用到妇科疾病治疗中5-6。膀胱子宫陷凹封闭的发生一般与盆腔肿瘤、盆腔炎、子宫内膜异位症等妇科疾病有关,是以上疾病较为严重的表现形式之一,手术切除难度较大,患者会出现痛经、性交痛、慢性盆腔痛等症状,对其身心健康造成