DOI:10.11973/fsyfh-202302018醇氨气化装置换热器腐蚀失效分析及对策曹刚,姚兴军,陈琴珠(华东理工大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200237)摘要:某石化企业醇氨气化装置换热器在循环水冷却高压密封水过程中发生了腐蚀穿孔失效。通过对该换热管腐蚀部位材料化学成分、循环水水质质以及腐蚀产物的化学成分进行检验,分析了换热管失效的原因。结果表明:由于设计不当,该换热器壳程入口处流体流速较低,使循环水中的大量硫、氯腐蚀性离子沉淀在管道上,最终导致换热管腐蚀。通过壳程入口结构改进,腐蚀部位流速从0.7m/s提高到1m/s以上,使腐蚀性离子不再停滞在换热管上,从而改善了换热器的腐蚀。关键词:换热器;腐蚀失效;结构改进中图分类号:TE980文献标志码:B文章编号:1005-748X(2023)02-0109-05CorrosionFailureAnalysisandCountermeasuresofHeatExchangerofAlcohol-AmmoniaGasificationUnitCAOGang,YAOXingjun,CHENQinzhu(SchoolofMechanicalandPowerEngineering,EastChinaUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Shanghai200237,China)Abstract:Aheatexchangerofanalcohol-ammoniagasificationunitinapetrochemicalplantsufferedfromcorrosionandperforationfailureintheprocessofcirculatingwatercoolinghigh-pressuresealingwater.Thefailurecausesofheatexchangepipeswereanalyzedthroughexaminationsofthechemicalcompositionofthecorrodedmaterial,circulatingwaterqualityandcorrosionproducts.Theresultsshowedthatthefluidvelocityattheinletoftheheatexchangershellsidewastoolowduetoimproperdesign,resultinginalargenumberofcorrosiveionsofsulfurandchlorineprecipitatedonthepipesfromthecirculatingwater,eventuallyleadingtothecorrosionoftheheatexchangepipes.Throughtheimprovementoftheshellsideinletstructure,thefluidvelocityatthecorrodedpartwasincreasedfrom0.7m/stomorethan1m/s,socorrosiveionsnolongerstagnatedontheheatexchangepipes,therebyimprovingthecorrosionoftheheatexchanger.Keywords:heatexchanger;failureanalysis;structureimprovement换热器普遍应用于石油化工、冶金、电力等行业,且在此类工程设备中其投资比例近40%。由于换热器的工作条件为高温、高压恶劣环境,因此设备经常出现故障。换热管腐蚀穿孔在石化生产中非常普遍,研究表明50%以上的故障和事故都是由换热管腐蚀泄漏而导致的[1]。石化生产的工况复杂,介质特殊,...
