湖北汽车工业学院学报JournalofHubeiUniversityofAutomotiveTechnology第37卷第1期2023年3月Vol.37No.1Mar.2023doi：10.3969/j.issn.1008-5483.2023.01.010基于STFT和FPO的旋转机械阶次分析吴康，金阳，周秦（湖北汽车工业学院汽车工程学院，湖北十堰442002）摘要：针对在无转速计下发动机转速难以估计的问题，采用短时傅里叶变换（short-timeFouriertransform，STFT）和快速路径优化（fastpathoptimization，FPO）相结合的方法对发动机进行转速估计，结合无转速计阶次分析方法对某客车变速箱底部振动信号进行分析。使用STFT分析振动信号，运用FPO算法从时频图中提取特征阶次所对应的瞬时频率值，计算得到发动机转速曲线，通过积分采样得到等角度间隔信号，最终得到阶次图。仿真分析和试验分析的结果表明：文中方法在提取时频图中相应的瞬时频率值有较高的精度和较好的抗噪性，能够在无转速计的情况下有效实现旋转机械振动信号的阶次分析。关键词：无转速计阶次分析；转速估计；时频分析中图分类号：TH113.1；TN911.7文献标识码：A文章编号：1008-5483（2023）01-0050-06OrderAnalysisofRotaryMachineryBasedonSTFTandFPOWuKang,JinYang,ZhouQin（SchoolofAutomotiveEngineering,HubeiUniversityofAutomotiveTechnology,Shiyan442002,China）Abstract：Tosolvetheprobleminestimatingenginespeedwithoutatachometer,amethodcombinedtheshort-timeFouriertransform(STFT)withfastpathoptimization(FPO)wasusedtoestimatetheen⁃ginespeed.Andthevibrationsignalatthebottomofthetransmissionofapassengercarwasanalyzedbyusingthenon-tachometerorderanalysismethod.ThevibrationsignalwasanalyzedbySTFT.Thein⁃stantaneousfrequencyvaluecorrespondingtothecharacteristicorderwasextractedfromthetime-fre⁃quencyspectrumbyFPOalgorithm.Theenginespeedcurvewascalculated.Thentheequalangleinter⁃valsignalwasobtainedbyintegralsampling.Andtheorderspectrumwasfinallyobtained.Theresultsofsimulationandexperimentalanalysisshowthatthemethodhashighaccuracyandgoodnoiseimmuni⁃tyinextractingthecorrespondinginstantaneousfrequencyvaluesinthetime-frequencyspectrum,andcaneffectivelyrealizetheorderanalysisofrotarymachineryvibrationsignalswithouttachometer.Keywords：non-tachometeranalysis;speedestimation;time-frequencya...
