槲皮素对仔猪生长性能、肠道...化及免疫相关基因表达的影响_张卫辉.pdf

第 57 卷第 1 期河 南 农 业 大 学 学 报Vol 57No 12023 年2 月Journal of Henan Agricultural UniversityFeb2023收稿日期:20220325基金项目:国家生猪产业技术体系建设专用项(CAS35);辽宁省科技重大专项(2019JH1/10200002)作者简介:张卫辉(1982)，男，内蒙古乌兰察布人，博士，主要从事动物营养数字化及互联网统计研究。通信作者:朱秋凤(1983)，女，河南郑州人，高级畜牧师，博士。引用:张卫辉，朱秋凤，张永静，等 槲皮素对仔猪生长性能、肠道抗氧化及免疫相关基因表达的影响J 河南农业大学学报，2023，57(1):136142 DOI:10 16445/j cnki 10002340 20220510 001槲皮素对仔猪生长性能、肠道抗氧化及免疫相关基因表达的影响张卫辉1，朱秋凤2，张永静3，黄强3(1 中国人民大学统计学院，北京 100872;2 中国农业大学动物科技学院，北京 100193;3 禾丰食品股份有限公司，辽宁 沈阳 110164)摘要:【目的】通过分析不同含量槲皮素对仔猪生长性能、肠道抗氧化指标、炎症细胞因子分泌及紧密连接蛋白基因表达的影响，探究槲皮素在改善仔猪应激综合征的作用。【方法】选取 216 头健康、初始体质量为(9 50 5)kg(杜长大)仔猪，随机分为 3 组(对照组、试验 1 组和试验 2 组)，分别饲喂基础日粮、基础日粮+200mgkg1槲皮素日粮和基础日粮+400 mgkg1槲皮素日粮，每组 6 个重复，每个重复 12 头仔猪(公、母各 6头)，试验期为 15 d。【结果】1)与对照组相比，试验 1 组和试验 2 组均提高了仔猪平均日增重，显著降低了腹泻率。2)与对照组相比，试验 1 组和试验 2 组显著提高了仔猪空肠黏膜谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxi-dase，GPx)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase，SOD)和过氧化氢酶(catalase，CAT)活性，显著降低脂质过氧化物丙二醛(malondialdehyde，MDA)含量。其中，GPx、SOD 和 CAT 活性随着槲皮素添加含量提高而显著增加。3)与对照组相比，试验 1 组和试验 2 组显著降低了空肠黏膜中白细胞介素 2(interleukin2，IL2)、白细胞介素1(interleukin1，IL1)、肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor，TNF)水平，显著提高了白细胞介素 10(interleukin10，IL10)水平;与其他组相比，试验 2 组分泌型免疫球蛋白 A(secretory immunoglobulin A，sIgA)水平显著增加。4)与对照组相比，试验 1 组和试验 2 组显著提高了仔猪空肠黏膜中紧密连接蛋白基因 Claudin1、Occludin 和 ZO2 mNA 相对表达量，并且试验 2 组显著提高了 ZO1 mNA 相对表达量;与试验 1 组相比，试验2 组显著提高仔猪空肠黏膜中紧密连接蛋白基因 Claudin1 和 Occludin mNA 相对表达量。【结论】日粮添加槲皮素可以降低断奶后仔猪腹泻率，改善生长性能，增强肠道抗氧化功能，提高抗炎因子分泌，抑制促炎因子分泌，促进肠道紧密连接蛋白相关基因表达。关键词:仔猪;槲皮素;生长性能;抗氧化功能;炎症细胞因子;紧密连接蛋白;基因表达中图分类号:S816;S828文献标志码:A文章编号:10002340(2023)01013607Effects of quercetin on growth performance and intestinal antioxidantcapacity and immune related gene expression in pigletsZHANG Weihui1，ZHU Qiufeng2，ZHANG Yongjing3，HUANG Qiang3(1 School of Statistics，enmin University of China，Beijing 100872，China;2 College of Animal Science and Technology，China Agricultural University，Beijing 100193，China;3 Wellhope Foods Co，Ltd，Shenyang 110164，China)Abstract:【Objective】The experiment was conducted to explore the the role of quercetin in improvingpiglet stress syndrome by analyzing the effects of different contents of quercetin on piglet growth per-第 1 期张卫辉，等:槲皮素对仔猪生长性能、肠道抗氧化及免疫相关基因表达的影响137formance，intestinal antioxidant indexes，inflammatory cytokine secretion and tight junction protein geneexpression【Method】A total of 216 healthy DLY(DurocLandraceYorkshire)piglets with similarbody weight(9 50 5)kg were randomly divided into 3 groups:the control group(basal diet)，theGroup 1(basal diet supplemented with 200 mgkg1quercetin)，and the Group 2(basal diet supple-mented with 400 mgkg1quercetin)for 15 days，with 6 replicates in each group and 12 piglets(6male and 6 female)in each replicate【esult】1)Compared with the control group，the Group 1 andGroup 2 could enhance the average daily gain(ADG)and reduce the diarrhea rate of piglets obviously;2)Compared with the control group，the Group 1 and Group 2 could significantly improve the activityof glutathione peroxidase(GPx)，superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)，and reduce thecontent of malondialdehyde(MDA)in the jejunum mucosa Besides，the activities of GPx，SOD andCAT in the jejunum mucosa were increased significantly as the level of quercetin increased;3)Com-pared with the control group，the Group 1 and Group 2 could greatly reduce the levels of pro-inflamma-tory factor of interleukin2(IL2)，IL1 and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)，and significantlyincrease the level of anti-inflammatory factor IL10 Compared with other groups，the level of secretoryimmunoglobulin A(slgA)was significantly higher in the Group 2;4)Compared with the controlgroup，the Group 1 and Group 2 could greatly increase the mNA relative expressions of Claudin1，Occludin，and ZO2 in the jejunum mucosa And the ZO1 mNA relative expression in the jejunummucosa of the Group 2 was significantly higher than those of the other groups Additionally，the mNArelative expressions of Claudin1 and Occludin in the jejunum mucosa of the Group 2 was greatly higherthan that of the Group 1【Conclusion】In summary，the quercetin supplementation could reduce thediarrhea rate of piglets，post weaning，improve the growth performance of piglets，enhance the intestinalantioxidant function，increase the secretion of anti-inflammatory factors and inhibit the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors，and promote the intestinal tight junction protein-related genes expressionKey words:piglets;quercetin;growth performance;antioxidant function;inflammatory cytokine;tightjunction protein;gene expression目前，在集约化、批次化养猪生产中，猪应激综合征十分普遍。断奶仔猪因自身体温调节功能、消化系统和免疫功能等还未发育完善，在断奶至保育期间又面临生产转群、免疫接种、日粮改变及环境适应等众多应激情况，极易表现出采食量低、腹泻率高、机体抗氧化水平和免疫功能下降等问题，这必将对仔猪生长和健康造成不利影响，给养猪业造成巨大经济损失。因此，通过营养调控手段来缓解仔猪应激综合征和提高健康度是当下国内外研究热点之一。槲皮素(C15H10O7)是一种来源广泛的天然黄酮类化合物1，因其酚类化学结构而表现出诸多生物学功能，包括抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌、抗病毒、免疫调节等24。研究表明，槲皮素可以增加体内超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase，SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase，GPx)和过氧化氢酶(catalase，CAT)等抗氧化酶活性，减少细胞中活性氧和脂质过氧化物丙二醛(malondialdehyde，MDA)含量，从而有效缓解细胞氧化应激程度，进而提高动物生长性能5。细胞因子是由巨噬细胞、淋巴细胞等免疫细胞分泌的一种糖蛋白或多肽类物质，在机体细胞免疫和体液免疫中起到重要介导炎症反应作用。其中，白细胞介素 1(interleu-kin1，IL1)、白