interactivestudenteditionAUTHORSFranciscoBorrero•FrancesScelsiHess•JunoHsuGerhardKunze•StephenA.Leslie•StephenLetroMichaelManga•LenSharp•TheodoreSnow•DinahZikeNationalGeographic(t,c)GettyImages,(b)PaulChesley/GettyImagesCopyright©2008TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Allrightsreserved.ExceptaspermittedundertheUnitedStatesCopyrightAct,nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedordistributedinanyformorbyanymeans,orstoredinadata-baseretrievalsystem,withoutpriorwrittenpermissionofthepublisher.TheNationalGeographicfeaturesweredesignedanddevelopedbytheNationalGeographic’sChildren’sBooksandEducationDivision.Copyright©NationalGeographic.Thename“NationalGeographic”andtheYellowBorderRectanglearetrademarksofNationalGeographicandtheiruse,withoutpriorwrittenpermission,isstrictlyprohibited.Sendallinquiresto:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill8787OrionPlaceColumbus,OH43240-4027ISBN-13:978-0-07-874636-9ISBN-10:0-07-874636-1PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica12345678910071/043121110090807AboutthePhoto:ThelavaphotoonthecoverwastakeninHawaiiVolcanoesNationalParkonthebigislandofHa-waii.ThelavainthephotoisflowingfromactiveventsontheflankofKilaueavolcano.Whenlavaflowsintothesea,sulfuricacidinthelavamixeswithchlorineinthewatertoformamistofwatervaporandhydrochloricacid.StudentGuideReadingforInformation.........................................xxiiScavengerHunt......................................................xxvUnit1EarthScience....................................................21TheNatureofScience.........................................42MappingOurWorld..........................................28Unit2CompositionofEarth....................................563MatterandChange...........................................584Minerals............................................................845IgneousRocks.................................................1106SedimentaryandMetamorphicRocks.............132Unit3SurfaceProcessesonEarth........................1607Weathering,Erosion,andSoil........................
