美国加州教材 Glencoe Introduction To Technology.pdf

interactivestudenteditionAlan J.PierceDennis KarwatkaCopyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.All rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means,or stored in a database or retrieval system,without the prior written consent of The McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.,including,but not limited to,network storage or transmission,or broadcast for distance learning.Printed in the United States of America.Send all inquiries to:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill21600 Oxnard Street,Suite 500 Woodland Hills,California 91367ISBN:978-0-07-879785-9(Student Edition)MHID:0-07-879785-3(Student Edition)ISBN:978-0-07-890711-1(Teacher Annotated Edition)MHID:0-07-890711-X(Teacher Annotated Edition)2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 043/071 13 12 11 10 09SAFETY NOTICEThe reader is expressly advised to consider and use all safety precautions described in this book or that might also be indicated by undertaking the activities described herein.In addition,common sense should be exercised to help avoid all potential hazards.Publisher and Authors assume no responsibility for the activities of the reader or for the subject matter experts who prepared this book.Publisher and Authors make no representation or warranties of any kind,including but not limited to,the warranties of fitness for particular purpose or merchantability,nor for any implied warranties related thereto,or otherwise.Publisher and Authors will not be liable for damages of any types,including any consequential,special,or exemplary damages resulting,in whole or in part,from readers use or reliance upon the information,instructions,warnings,or other matter contained in this book.Notice:Information on featured companies,organizations,and their products and services is included for educational purposes only and does not present or imply endorsement of the Introduction to Technology program.On the CoverAquatic Robotics The fi sh you see on the cover of Introduction to Technology is actually a robot.It is a real-life technology tool called a“robo-carp”that swims with real fi sh in the London Aquarium.Engineered by scientists at the University of Essex in England,this fi sh uses artifi cial intelligence and an infrared sensor in its mouth to detect and avoid obstacles.It was created to sniff out underwater mines,leaky oil pipes,and more.Dr.Alan J.Pierce has served as an educator at the elementary,middle,and college levels for more than 40 years.Dr.Pierce has authored numerous articles in the fi eld of education,co-authored curriculum projects,and served as a technical consultant on a childrens technology book.He is an editor and writer of the mid-dle school Agricultural Biology curriculum for the NSF-funded TECHknow project at North Carolina State University.Dr.Pierce created the“Technology Today”column for Tech Directions magazine and has been writing this column since 1995.Dennis Karwatka was a professor in the Department of Indus-trial Education and Technology at Morehead State University.He taught for many years in the high school Upward Bound Program.He has written two middle/high school textbooks,fi ve technical history books,and many articles.Dennis Karwatka created the monthly“Technologys Past”column in Tech Directions and has been writing that column since 1980.He is a Registered Profes-sional Engineer with experience in the Apollo lunar landing program and jet engine development.About the AuthorsOur McGraw-Hill Partneris the leading global resource for ground-breaking business news and news analysis that off ers essential insight into the real world of business,technology,education,and other areas.BusinessWeek is the worlds most widely read busi-ness magazine in print and online with more than 8 million weekly readers.Contributing WriterThomas ShownIndustrial Technology&Human ServicesNorth Carolina Department of Public InstructionRaleigh,North CarolinaTechnology Students AssociationMember of Competition Regulations CommitteeiiiiiiReviewers and AdvisorsEducational ReviewersWe wish to acknowledge the contributions of the following reviewers:Lane BeardSt.James Parish Career and Technology CenterLutcher,LouisianaCourtney BullockWalter Reed Middle SchoolStudio City,CaliforniaLaMarr BrooksPendleton High SchoolPendleton,South CarolinaLewis H.ChappelearJames Monroe High SchoolNorth Hills,CaliforniaLisa K.ColemanGautier High SchoolGautier,MississippiEric ElderWarren East Middle SchoolBowling Green,KentuckyMichael FontaineMurdock Middle High SchoolWinchendon,MassachusettsEd HamiltonBerryhill High SchoolTulsa,OklahomaLauren Withers OlsonBiloxi Junior HighBiloxi,MississippiTim SchultzLafayette Tecumseh Junior High SchoolLafayette,IndianaTrade and Technology Industry Advisory BoardJohan GalloManager of Human ResourcesGovernment and Agency Aff airsBridgestone-FirestoneLaguna Hills,CaliforniaCheryl HornCorporate Manager,Community RelationsNorthrop Grumman CorporationErin KuhlmanVice President,Corporate RelationsParsons,Inc.Pasadena,California Donna Laquidara-Ca