美国加州教材 Journey Across Time .pdf

interactivestudenteditionJackson J.Spielvogel,Ph.D.JAT_NA_05_SE_TP_868873-6 9/13/04 12:23 PM Page 1Jackson J.Spielvogelis associate professor emeritus of historyat the Pennsylvania State University.He received his Ph.D.fromThe Ohio State University,where he specialized in Reformationhistory under Harold J.Grimm.His articles and reviews havebeen published in several scholarly publications.He is co-author(with William Duiker)of World History,published in 1994(4thedition,2003).Professor Spielvogel has won five major univer-sity-wide awards,and in 1997,he became the first winner of theSchreyer Institutes Student Choice Award for innovative andinspiring teaching.The National Geographic Society,founded in 1888 for theincrease and diffusion of geographic knowledge,is the worldslargest nonprofit scientific and educational organization.Since itsearliest days,the Society has used sophisticated communicationtechnologies,from color photography to holography,to conveygeographic knowledge to a worldwide membership.The Edu-cation Products Division supports the Societys mission by devel-oping innovative educational programsranging from traditionalprint materials to multimedia programs including CD-ROMs,videodiscs,and software.Copyright 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.All rights reserved.Except aspermitted under the United States Copyright Act,no part of this publication may bereproduced or distributed in any form or by any means,or stored in a database orretrieval system,without prior permission of the publisher.Send all inquiries to:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill8787 Orion PlaceColumbus,OH 43240-4027ISBN:0-07-868873-6Printed in the United States of America.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 071/055 09 08 07 06 05 04About the cover:Throughout history,people around the world have channeled,spanned,and sailed upon one of Earths greatest resourcesits water reserves.Top:the great Pont du Gardaqueduct built in France by ancient Romans;middle right,the Tower Bridge,London,spanningthe Thames;bottom left,a Chinese junk sailing in Hong Kong Harbor.ii-iii FM-/Rev-868873 9/10/04 10:13 PM Page iiiiiAcademic ConsultantsWinthrop Lindsay AdamsAssociate Professor of HistoryUniversity of UtahSalt Lake City,UtahSari J.BennettDirector,Center for Geographic EducationUniversity of Maryland Baltimore CountyBaltimore,MarylandRichard G.BoehmJesse H.Jones Distinguished Chair in Geographic EducationTexas State UniversitySan Marcos,TexasSheilah Clarke-EkongAssociate Professor of Anthropology and Interim DeanEvening CollegeUniversity of Missouri,St.LouisSt.Louis,MissouriTimothy E.GregoryProfessor of HistoryThe Ohio State UniversityColumbus,OhioRobert E.HerzsteinDepartment of HistoryUniversity of South CarolinaColumbia,South CarolinaKenji OshiroProfessor of GeographyWright State UniversityDayton,OhioJoseph R.RosenbloomAdjunct Professor,Jewish and Near Eastern StudiesWashington UniversitySt.Louis,MissouriDinah ZikeEducational ConsultantDinah-Might Activities,Inc.San Antonio,TexasTeacher ReviewersDestin L.HaasSocial Studies TeacherBenton Central Junior-Senior High SchoolOxford,IndianaAnna Marie LawrenceSocial Studies TeacherSnellville Middle SchoolSnellville,GeorgiaRichard MeeganSocial Studies Department ChairMasconomet Regional School DistrictTopsfield,MassachusettsJ.Keith MillerSocial Studies TeacherBragg Middle SchoolGardendale,AlabamaBeth Neighbors Social Studies TeacherPizitz Middle SchoolVestavia Hills,AlabamaVirgina ParraSocial Studies Teacher Osceola Middle SchoolOcala,FloridaSusan Pearson Social Studies TeacherThe Academy for Science and Foreign LanguagesHuntsville,AlabamaNancy PerkinsSocial Studies Implementer 112Bonny Eagle Middle SchoolBuxton,MaineBeverly PrestageSocial Studies Program SupervisorCranston High School WestCranston,Rhode IslandJulie A.ScottSocial Studies TeacherEast Valley Middle SchoolSpokane,WashingtonLarry W.SmithHeritage Education TeacherMassie Heritage Interpretation CenterSavannah,GeorgiaJerry A.TaylorSocial Studies TeacherTowns County Comprehensive SchoolHiawassee,GeorgiaReading ConsultantsMaureen D.DannerProject CRISSNational Training ConsultantKalispell,MontanaReLeah Cossett LentFlorida Literacy and Reading Excellence Project CoordinatorUniversity of Central FloridaOrlando,FloridaSteve QunellSocial Studies InstructorMontana AcademyKalispell,MontanaCarol M.Santa Ph.D.CRISS:Project Developer Director of EducationMontana AcademyKalispell,MontanaBonnie ValdesMaster CRISS TrainerProject CRISSLargo,Floridaii-iii FM-/Rev-868873 9/10/04 10:13 PM Page iiiivBe an Active Reader .xxPreviewing Your Textbook .xxiiScavenger Hunt.xxviiReference Atlas .R1World:Political .R2World:Physical.R4North America:Political.R6North America:Physical.R7United States:Political .R8United States:Physical .R10Middle America:Physical/Political.R12South America:Political .R14South America:Physical.R15Europe:Political .R16Middle East Physical/Political.R18Africa:Political .R20Africa Physical.R21Asia:Political.R22Pacific Rim:Physical/Political.R24Polar Regions .R26Geography