Science 2016-11-11.pdf

PHOTO(BOTTOM RIGHT):CATHERINE CLARK 11 NOVEMBER 2016 VOL 354 ISSUE 6313 679SCIENCE sciencemag.org11 NOVEMBER 2016 VOLUME 354 ISSUE 6313CONTENTS705&769Decoding the noncoding genomeNEWSIN BRIEF686 News at a glanceIN DEPTH 690 FUSION REACTOR FUELS UP WITH BOMB INGREDIENT Radioactive tritium promises a bigger bang for Sandias Z machine but poses safety issues By W.W.Gibbs691 NIH TAKES GREATER INTEREST IN CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME New funding shows increased commitment to mystery illness,but not everyone trusts agency has reversed course By M.Wadman693 NSF SAYS:OUT WITH THE OLD TELESCOPES,IN WITH THE NEW Agency wants to shed ownership of iconic radio dishes By D.Clery694 HOW THE BODY LEARNS TO HURT Glial cells turn up the volume on pain By E.Underwood REPORT BY M.T.KRONSCHLGER ET AL.10.1126/science.aah5715695 STUDY SUGGESTS HIDDEN EPIDEMIC IN CF PATIENTS Dangerous Mycobacterium strains appear to be spreading By K.Kupferschmidt REPORT P.751INSIGHTSPERSPECTIVES 702 LEPROSY IN RED SQUIRRELSRed squirrels are an unexpected reservoir of otherwise human-restricted leprosy bacilli By T.P.Stinear and R.Brosch REPORT P.744703 SCIENCE OF THE WORLD WIDE WEBWeb science must remain an interdisciplinary pursuit By J.Hendler and W.Hall705 MAKING THE CUT IN THE DARK GENOMECRISPR screens will reveal important regulatory elements in the noncoding genome By J.M.Einstein and G.W.Yeo REPORT P.769706 FIRST FLU IS FOREVERA change in the properties of influenza virus in 1968 has left a profound mark on population immunity By C.Viboud and S.L.Epstein RESEARCH ARTICLE P.722707 AMMONIA ACTIVATION AT A METALA cationic molybdenum complex weakens the NH bond of ammonia and generates H2 By J.Hoover REPORT P.730709 DEBORAH S.JIN(19682016)A pioneer of ultracold quantum physics also promoted women in science By C.Regal and J.YePOLICY FORUM 710 PRECAUTION AND GOVERNANCEOF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIESPrecaution can be consistent with support of science By G.E.Kaebnick et al.BOOKS ET AL.712 TINKERING WITH EVOLUTIONA comprehensive tome explores the far-reaching implications of genome editing By A.Woolfson713 CROPS ON DEMANDA probing portrait of early plant-breeding technologies unearths surprising roots of genetic engineering efforts By L.CamposLETTERS 714 THE PROMISE OF NEGATIVE EMISSIONSBy K.S.Lackner et al.714 RESPONSEBy K.Anderson and G.Peters715 KEEPING CREATIONISMOUT OF CLASSROOMSBy G.BranchScience Staff.682New Products.775Science Careers.77670DecodinoncFEATURES 696 THE LOST NORSEArchaeologists have a new answer to the mystery of Greenlands Norse,who thrived for centuries and then vanished By E.Kintisch700 Growing Greenlands archaeologistsBy E.Kintisch690702&744Published by AAAS on November 15,2016http:/science.sciencemag.org/Downloaded from 11 NOVEMBER 2016 VOL 354 ISSUE 6313 681SCIENCE sciencemag.orgCONTENTS757Ticklishness in rats11 NOVEMBER 2016 VOLUME 354 ISSUE 6313RESEARCHIN BRIEF 716 From Science and other journalsREVIEW719 CLIMATE CHANGEThe broad footprint of climate change from genes to biomes to people B.R.Scheffers et al.REVIEW SUMMARY;FOR FULL TEXT:dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf7671RESEARCH ARTICLES 720 AMYLOIDOGENESISDe novo design of a biologically active amyloid R.Gallardo et al.RESEARCH ARTICLE SUMMARY;FOR FULL TEXT:dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aah4949721 CELL CYCLERNA interference is essential for cellular quiescence B.Roche et al.RESEARCH ARTICLE SUMMARY;FOR FULL TEXT:dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aah5651722 INFLUENZA EPIDEMIOLOGYPotent protection against H5N1 and H7N9 influenza via childhood hemagglutinin imprinting K.M.Gostic et al.PERSPECTIVE P.706;PODCASTREPORTS 726 NANOPHOTONICSSingle-molecule optomechanics in“picocavities”F.Benz et al.730 INORGANIC CHEMISTRYCoordination-induced weakening of ammonia,water,and hydrazine XH bonds in a molybdenum complex M.J.Bezdek et al.PERSPECTIVE P.707CHEMICAL PHYSICS734 Attosecond dynamics through a Fano resonance:Monitoring the birth of a photoelectron V.Gruson et al.738 Observing the ultrafast buildup of a Fano resonance in the time domain A.Kaldun et al.741 CATALYSISA bioinspired iron catalyst for nitrate and perchlorate reduction C.L.Ford et al.744 WILDLIFE DISEASERed squirrels in the British Isles are infected with leprosy bacilli C.Avanzi et al.PERSPECTIVE P.702747 ARCTIC SEA ICEObserved Arctic sea-ice loss directly follows anthropogenic CO2 emission D.Notz and J.Stroeve751 EMERGING INFECTIONSEmergence and spread of a human-transmissible multidrug-resistant nontuberculous mycobacterium J.M.Bryant et al.NEWS STORY P.695757 NEUROSCIENCENeural correlates of ticklishness in the rat somatosensory cortex S.Ishiyama and M.Brecht VIDEO760 EVOLUTIONARY GENOMICSDetection of human adaptation during the past 2000 years Y.Field et al.765 RADIATION DAMAGEThe DNA-sensing AIM2 inflammasome controls radiation-induced cell death and tissue injury B.Hu et al.769 ENHANCER FUNCTIONSystematic mapping of functional enhancerpromoter connections with CRISPR interference C.P.Fulco et al.PERSPECTIVE P.705ON THE COVERRecon