National Geographic 2020年第10期.pdf

REIMAGININGDINOSAURSFr om r ai nbow f ea ther s to r i v er monster s,pr ehi stor i c i cons ge t a moder n r eboot10.2020P R O O FC O N T E N T SF U R T H E RDECODERHow COVI D-19 Affects AnimalsI n addi ti on to people,the di sease has hi t li ons,ti ger s,mi nk,and mor e.BY NATASHA DALYINNOVATORDisease DetectiveThi s bi oar chaeologi st studi es the DNA of anci ent pathogens.BY THERESA MACHEMERTHROUGH THE LENSSorrow and ResilienceA photogr apher cover s the vi r us,and catches i t.BY DANNY WI LCOX FRAZI ER AND CASSANDRA SPRATLI NG 28ALSOSounds to Renew Reef s Bee Bi tes Spur Pollen15Every Mothers SonAf ri can-Ameri can mother s pose wi th the sons they f ear losi ng to vi olence,i n the photogr aphy pr oject“Str anger Frui t.”BY LONNAE O NEALPHOTOGRAPHS BY JON HENRY6On the CoverA male Dei nonychus stands over hatchli ngs and eggs he s br oodi ng.Recent stud-i es have pr oduced many new i nsi ghts i nto di nosaur s looks and behavi ors.PAI NTI NG BY DAVI DE BONADONNAO C TO B ER 2 0 2 0C O R O N A V IR U SE X P L O R ETHE BIG IDEAA Map for Aliens in Search of EarthTo r eplace the agi ng star map the Voyagers took i nto space,thi s pai r devi sed a new one.BY NADIA DRAKE AND SCOTT RANSOMARTIFACTA Sharks Perspective A Cri tter cam placed on a shark s f i n cap-tur es photos wher e humans cannot go.BY NINA STROCHLICF E A T U R E SAmazon RaptorsSci ence,busi ness joi n f or ces to help eagles.BY RACHEL NUWERPHOTOGRAPHS BY KARINE AIGNER.P.116TRAVELHiking U.S.Trails Long-di stance tr ai ls can take us to the nati on s last wi ld places.BY NICHOLAS KRISTOFPHOTOGRAPHS BY ZACHARY KRAHMER.P.128Reimagining DinosaursI t s a new age of di no-saur di scoveri es.Usi ng i nnovati ve sci enti f i c techni ques and a f lood of r ecently unearthed f ossi ls,paleontologi sts ar e r ewri ti ng what we know about the anci ent cr eatur es.BY MICHAEL GRESHKO PHOTOGRAPHS BY PAOLO VERZONE;ART BY DAVIDE BONADONNA AND GABRIEL UGUETO.P.38Stolen LivesEach year thousands of gi rls f r om Bangla-desh and I ndi a s West Bengal ar e sold i nto sexual slaver y.Chi ldr en whose lack of oppor-tuni ty makes them vul-ner able ar e tri cked or abducted,then f or ced to wor k i n br othels and r ed-li ght di str i cts.BY YUDHIJIT BHATTACHARJEEPHOTOGRAPHS BY SMITA SHARMA.P.90O C T O B E R|C O N T E N T SM.,now 18,i s f lanked by her cousi ns on a walk thr ough a f i eld i n I ndi a s West Bengal state.When M.was 15,a 21-year-old man she d met drugged her,took her f r om her vi llage to Delhi,beat and r aped her f or days,then sold her to a br othel ther e.She was later r escued.The tr af f i cked gi r ls i n thi s cover age ar e r ef er r ed to by thei r f i r st i ni ti als and wer e photogr aphed so they ar en t i denti f i able.I n the ar ti cle“Stolen Li ves,”pseudonymsSayeda and Anj ali ar e used f or the two f eatur ed gi r ls.Thi s i s an excepti on to our poli ci es and pr acti ce at Nati onal Geogr aphi c.We r e mask-i ng i denti ti es to guar d these young women s safety and thei r futur e,and to comply wi th I ndi an laws that pr otect the i denti ty of vi cti ms of sex cr i mes.”BEFORE THEY WERE SOLD to th e s a me bro th e l,Sa ye da a n d An j a l i we re typ i c a l te e n a g e rs,g ro wi n g u p i n s i m-i l a r c i rc u ms ta n c e s a f e w h u n dre d mi l e s a p a rt.”T h a t i s th e u n de rs ta te d o p e n i n g o f a s to ry th a t I h o p e s h o c k s a n d a l a rms e ve ry p e rs o n wh o re a ds i t,a n d mo ve s re a de rs to a c ti o n.“Sto l e n Li ve s,”by Yu dh i j i t Bh a tta c h a rj e e,i s a re ve l a to ry i n ve s ti g a ti o n o f a h u ma n ri g h ts tra g-e dy:th e s e xu a l e n s l a ve me n t o f c h i l dre n f o r p ro fit.A mu l ti bi l l i o n-do l l a r i n du s try,s e x tra ffic k i n g o f mi n o rs s p a n s th e g l o be a n d e n s n a re s mi l l i o n s o f c h i l dre n mo s t fle e i n g g ri n di n g p o ve rty,i l l i te r-a c y,a n d a n u tte r l a c k o f o p p o rtu n i ty.Mo s t o f i ts vi c ti ms a re g i rl s.Vi rtu a l l y n o c o u n try i s u n to u c h e d by th i s s c o u rg e,bu t s o me p a rts o f th e w o rl d a re e s p e c i a l l y h a rd-h i t.A mo n g th e m:th e I n di a n s ta te o f We s t Be n g a l a n d i ts n e i g h bo r Ba n g l a de s h,w h i c h o n c e w e re a s i n g l e p ro vi n c e k n o wn a s Be n g a l.“I n 2017 a l o n e,8,178 c h i l dre n we re re p o rte d mi s s i n g f ro m We s t Be n g a l,n e a rl y a n e i g h th o f I n di a s to ta l th a t ye a r.A s i g n i f i c a n t n u mbe r o f g i rl s a mo n g th e m we re a l mo s t c e rta i n l y s o l d to bro th e l s,”Bh a tta c h a rj e e wri te s.“T h e p i c tu re mi g h t be wo rs e f o r Ba n-g l a de s h:On e g o ve rn me n t e s ti ma te s u g g e s te d 50,000 g i rl s a re tra ffic k e d o u t o f th e c o u n try to I n di a,o r th ro u g h I n di a,e ve ry ye a r.”T o s p o tl i g h t th i s g l o ba l tra g e dy,we bri n g yo u Bh a tta c h a rj e e s h e a rtbre a k-