2022-2026美国贸易谈判代表战略规划.pdf

I.Agency and Mission InformationMission Statement:Placing Workers at the Center of Trade PolicyThe Office of the U.S.Trade Representative(USTR)has primary responsibility for developingand coordinating U.S.international trade,commodity and direct investment policy,andoverseeing trade negotiations with other countries.The head of USTR is the U.S.TradeRepresentative,a member of the Cabinet who serves as the Presidents principal trade advisor,negotiator,and spokesperson on trade issues.USTR has its headquarters in Washington,DC andoverseas offices in Beijing,China,Brussels,Belgium,and Geneva,Switzerland.The GenevaOffice represents the United States at the World Trade Organization(WTO).USTR is part of the Executive Office of the President.The USTR is a member of the MillenniumChallenge Corporation(MCC)Board of Directors,a non-voting member of the Export-ImportBank,a member of the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States(CFIUS),and amember of the National Advisory Council on International Monetary and Financial Policies.In the Trade Expansion Act of 1962,the U.S.Congress established the interagency trade policymechanism that was led by USTRs predecessor,the Special Trade Representative.USTRprovides trade policy leadership and negotiating expertise in its major areas of responsibility.USTR consults with other government agencies on trade policy matters,including through theTrade Policy Staff Committee(TPSC)and the Trade Policy Review Group(TPRG).Thesegroups,administered and chaired by USTR and composed of 20 Federal agencies and offices,make up the sub-cabinet level mechanism for developing and coordinating U.S.Governmentpositions on international trade and trade-related investment issues.The TPSC is the first-lineoperating group,which regularly seeks input from the public on policy decisions andnegotiations through Federal Register notices and public hearings.In cases where the TPSC doesnot reach consensus on a topic,or if the issue under consideration involves particularlysignificant policy questions,the issue may be referred to the TPRG or to Cabinet Principals.In the Trade Act of 1974,the U.S.Congress established a private sector advisory committeesystem to ensure that U.S.trade policy and trade negotiation objectives adequately reflectdomestic economic interests.The advisory committees provide information and advice withrespect to U.S.negotiating objectives and bargaining positions for trade negotiations,theoperation of any trade agreement once entered into,and on other matters arising in connectionwith the development,implementation,and administration of U.S.trade policy.Since its creation,USTR has maintained close consultation with Congress.Liaison activitiesbetween the agency and Congress are extensive.The principal oversight Committees are theHouse Ways and Means and Senate Finance Committees.Other committees routinely are briefedwithin areas of their jurisdiction where USTR plays a role.As the United States addresses 21st century domestic priorities,worker-centered trade policy isintegral to the United Stateseconomic recovery,resiliency,and competitiveness.Trade policyshould support and empower workers,drive wage-driven growth,create new trade opportunitiesfor U.S.farmers,ranchers,manufacturers,service providers,fishers,and small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs),including women and minority owned businesses,raise livingstandards and purchasing power for low-income families,and lead to better economic outcomesfor all Americans.Advancing a worker-centered trade policy will require extensive engagement with unions,worker advocates,and underserved communities to ensure that workersperspectives and valuesplay an integral and respected role in the development and implementation of U.S.trade policy.The policy will focus on eliminating trading partnersability to gain a competitive advantage byviolating workersrights and pursuing unfair trade practices.Likewise,USTR will strive tonegotiate,implement,and enforce strong environmental commitments,to raise the standards andlevels of protection of our trading partners,and ensure our partners meet environmentalobligations under existing trade agreements.By adopting a comprehensive,proactive strategic framework,USTR will help restore U.Sleadership and strengthen Americas strategic alliances and partnerships.This framework willsimultaneously help restore American competitiveness by expanding market access for Americanfarm goods,services,and manufactured products,and so helping large and small businesses,workers,and agricultural producers raise incomes,expand employment,and help communitiesprosper.In ensuring that U.S.trade strategy and policy reflect the perspectives of all Americans,USTRwill use trade tools,data assessments,and innovative engagement strategies to advance racialand gender equity,consider the distributional effects of trade,and support underserved andmarginalized communities as part of the mission of all federal government agencies and offices.In complying with Executive Order(EO 13985)on Advancing Racial Equity and Support forUnderserved Communities Through the Federal Government and the National Strategy forGender Equity and Equality,USTR will pursue a trade agenda which supports domesticinitiatives aimed at eliminating social and economic structural barriers to equality and economicopportunity and pursue complementary objectives in negotiations with our trading partners.U