National Geographic 2018年第02期.pdf

FEBRUARY 2018 VOL.233 NO.2 OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY1 08BIRD BRAINIACSFEATURESI?CONTENTSA century ago,scientists believed that birds brains werent capable of the higher cognitive functioning found in humans and some other mammals.Now we know better.By Virginia Morell Photographs by Charlie Hamilton JamesFRONTFROM THE EDITORWhy local leaders must tackle global issues:a talk with Michael BloombergVISIONSEXPLORETake a tour of cities that are futuristic,frigid,and buzzing;scanned from the sky;and built to sell goods.On the Cover More than 1,700 satellites owned by government,academic,and private entities orbit above us.They gather images and other data,broad-cast information,and monitor locations and communications.Illustration by Nick Kaloterakis?Go to ARE WATCHING YOUThe demand for security is increasing.Monitoring technology is proliferating.The result:Were all under surveillance.By Robert Draper82|FEEDING CHINAWith less than a tenth of the farmland?world,China must reshape its agriculture.By Tracie McMillan Photographs by George Steinmetz66|WHERE WILDLIFE REIGNSThe Falkland Islands have often been contested ground.Today they shelter a dense and diverse population of wildlife.Story and photographs by Paul Nicklen130|THE PARENT TRAPTo discourage teen pregnancy,a Colom-bian program gives high school students babiesvery needy robotic ones.By David Brindley Photographs by Christian RodriguezELSEWHERE?Subscriptions? or?our subscriber names available to companies whose products or services might be of interest to you.If you prefer not to be included,you may request that your name be removed from promotion lists by calling?DMAchoice.org,or mail a?|?CONTENTSBOOKSJOURNEYS MADE FOR SWEETHEARTSFor intrepid couples who like adventure and culture on their getaways,Ultimate Journeys for Two is the ideal gift.This guide to hidden-gem destina-tions is available where books are sold and at DARK BEAUTY OF NIGHT VISION?the world after darkstarlit skies,glowing cit-ies,nocturnal animalswith the new National Geographic photog-raphy collection Night Vision.Available where books are sold and at THE MAYA WORLD Though remnants of Maya cities rise imposingly from Central Americas jungles?of the ancient civilization?Now researchers are changing that.Theyre employing aerial lidar sensing equipment to create a“treasure map”of the cities and land-scapes that the Maya?-eries that are astounding archaeologists in Lost Treasures of the Maya,?on National Geographic.NAT GEO WILDDOGS DOMINATE,FROM BARKFEST TO WESTMINSTER SHOW?-?Road to Westminster Dog Show,which follows a group of owners and dogs as they vie for the top prize?Visit us at or call us at 1-866-954-4321.Americas emblemstands for great strengthand long life.With that in mind,lets talk retirement.THIS INTERVIEW WAS EDITED FOR LENGTH AND CLARITY.PHOTO:VICTORIA WILL|?FROM THE EDITOR?|?A TALK WITH MICHAEL BLOOMBERGSusan Goldberg:Roughly two-thirds of people will live in cities by 20 5 0.There are 3 1 cities now that are considered megacities,with 1 0 million people or more;by 20 3 0 there ll be 4 1 cities of that size.Why are people flocking to cities?Michael Bloomberg:The marketplace is clearly saying this is where we want to be.Big cities provide culture;they can be much more cosmopolitan and give you a faster pace of life.It s not for everybody;some people want a different pace,and there s nothing wrong with that.I had the governor of Montana sitting right here yesterdaythe whole population WHY CITIES ARE LEADING THE WAYAs New York Citys mayor from 2002 to 2013,Michael Bloomberg pushed sus-tainability.Now 75,the businessman and philan-thropist has co-authored a book,Climate of Hope,in which he says that“cities,businesses,and citizens can save the planet.”Although I was an editor at Bloomberg News for several years,I hadnt talked in depth with its outspoken founder until we sat down for this interview.of the state is about a million people.I mean,that s smaller than the Bronx!The beauty of the world is diversity.The beauty of America is basically we get along.There s lots of places in the world where diversity is not exactly tolerated.SG:I have an off-the-wall question.Say your doctor tells you that you have developed life-threatening allergies to New York,London,and Boston,but your mental health is dependent on living in a big city.Where would you go?MB:Well,one of the things to consider is suicide.SG:No,no,no!That s not a good answer.Laughs.MB:If I could speak Turkish,Istanbul.If I could speak Japanese,Tokyo.If I could speak German,Berlin.If I could speak French,I d think about Paris,but Paris is a little bit small.SG:What made you name those spots?MB:Cosmopolitan cities.Istanbul really is.Tokyo is less so but excitingthere s just so much going on.In Berlin everything is open;if you re a prude,you shouldn t go there.But to me,New York has got everything you want.Far and away the best government job in the whole worldif you know how to use itis the mayor of