National Geographic 2017年第03期.pdf

MARCH 2017VIKINGSA S T O U N D I N G T R E E S|T H E D E E P E S T C A V E?MARCH 2017 VOL.231 NO.3 OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY52THE WISDOM OF TREESEvery tree tells a story.Some are beyond eloquent:the apple tree that illustrated the law of gravity,the pear tree that survived 9/11,pines that can live more than 5,000 years.By Cathy Newman Photographs by Diane Cook and Len Jenshel30|NEW VISIONS OF THE VIKINGSHow Scandinavian farmers became Europes scourge.By Heather Pringle Photographs by Robert Clark and David Guttenfelder74|A SEAS FADING BOUNTYPolitics and exploitation?By Rachael Bale Photographs by Adam Dean86|A FIGHT TO SURVIVE?have many enemies.By Jennifer S.Holland Photographs by Stefano Unterthiner104|DARK STAR:INTO THE DEEPAn expedition plumbs the depths of what may be the Everest of the underground.By Mark Synnott Photographs by Robbie ShoneFEATURESICONTENTSDEPARTMENTSVISIONSEXPLORE?tools,a ship elevator,and a monasterys hidden textsSTARTALK?and Wayne Shorter jam with Neil deGrasse Tyson.The centuries-old Wedding?named for the many nuptials that have been held under it.120|METROPOLISThe worlds megacities are a swirl of 21st-century energy and humanity.Story and Photographs by Martin RoemersOn the Cover A Scandinavian warrior chief from the late 10th century is ready for battle.The headgear he wears is based on?Art by Fernando G.Baptista?Go to POSTER:THE VIKINGS FAR-FLUNG REALM AND FEARSOME FLEETBOOKSAND OFFERS CANINE LESSONS In Cesar Millans Lessons From the Pack:Stories of the Dogs Who Changed My Life,the Dog Whisperer shares life lessons hes learned from dogs.Available at ?NAT GEO WILD YOUTUBE CHANNELSEE NEW WILDLIFE VIDEOS?series,Untamed With Filipe DeAndrade,airing on YouTube March 14.TELEVISIONTHE BIG CATS KEEP ON COMING?February 20 on Nat Geo WILD.ELSEWHERE?Subscriptions For subscriptions or changes of address,contact Customer Service at or?names available to companies whose products or services might be of interest to you.If you prefer not to be included,you may request that your name be removed from promotion lists by calling 1-800-NGS-LINE(647-5463).To prevent your name from being available to all direct mail companies,contact:Mail Preferences?Contributions to the National Geographic Society are tax deductible?Registradas.National Geographic assumes no responsibility for?TELEVISIONCESAR HITS THE ROADIn Cesar Millans Dog Nation the dog behav-?States helping owners and pets.The series debuts March 3 at 9/8c on Nat Geo WILD.TELEVISIONTHE LANDMARK SERIES EXPLORER IS BACKLong a popular documentary series,Explorer returns with magazine storytelling,celebrity guests,and wide-ranging conversation.Watch the series on Mondays at 10/9c on National Geographic.TELEVISIONTAKE A JOURNEY THROUGH HUMANITYS ORIGINS?new series ORIGINS delves into these and other advances Mondays at 9/8c,starting March 6.STOP-MOTION VIDEOJOIN THE VOYAGES OF A VIKING SHIPBUILDER In a video adventure rooted in Norse mythology and fashioned entirely? VIDEOEXPERIENCE A BATTLE WITH VIKING WARRIORS?be part of it.Find our immersive 360? National Geographic Society is a global?membership?EDITOR IN CHIEF Susan GoldbergDEPUTY EDITOR IN CHIEF:?MANAGING EDITOR:?EXECUTIVE EDITOR DIGITAL:?DIRECTOR OF PHOTOGRAPHY:?EXECUTIVE EDITOR NEWS AND FEATURES:?CREATIVE DIRECTOR:?NEWS/FEATURES SHORT-FORM DIRECTOR:?EDITORS:?WRITERS:?ASSISTANT EDITOR:?CONTRIBUTING WRITERS:?SPECIAL INVESTIGATIONS:?PHOTOGRAPHY?DEPUTY DIRECTORS:?YOUR SHOT DIRECTOR:?BUSINESS MANAGER:?SENIOR PHOTO EDITORS:?ASSOCIATE PHOTO EDITORS:?PHOTO PRODUCER:?ASSISTANT PHOTO EDITOR:?STAFF PHOTOGRAPHERS:?DIGITAL IMAGING:?PHOTO ENGINEER:?PHOTO COODINATORS:?ADMINISTRATION:?DESIGN?DIRECTOR:?SENIOR DESIGN EDITORS:?DESIGN EDITOR:?JUNIOR DESIGN EDITORS:?ART/GRAPHICS?DIRECTOR:?SENIOR GRAPHICS EDITORS:?GRAPHICS EDITOR:?JUNIOR GRAPHICS EDITORS:?RESEARCHER:?CARTOGRAPHY?DIRECTOR:?DIRECTOR OF CARTOGRAPHIC DATABASES:?SENIOR CARTOGRAPHY EDITORS:?CARTOGRAPHY EDITORS:?MAP EDITORS:?COPY/RESEARCH?DEPUTY MANAGING EDITOR:?RESEARCH DIRECTOR:?COPY EDITORS:?RESEARCHERS:?DIGITAL PUBLISHING?CREATIVE DIRECTOR:?VICE PRESIDENT VIDEO:?PROGRAMMING DIRECTOR:?ADVENTURE EDITORIAL DIRECTOR:?UX DIRECTOR:?SENIOR DESIGNERS:?DESIGNERS:?CREATIVE DEVELOPER:?DIGITAL PRODUCERS:?VIDEO PRODUCERS:?EDITORIAL SERVICES:?PRODUCTION MANAGERS:?COORDINATORS:?OPERATIONS/FINANCE?ASSISTANT TO EDITOR IN CHIEF:?BUSINESS OPERATIONS:Cole?FINANCE:?COMMUNICATIONS DIRECTORS:?NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC CREATIVE VICE PRESIDENT:?CONTENT STRATEGY VICE PRESIDENT:?SENIOR BUSINESS ANALYST:?SYSTEMS:?CONSUMER MARKETING EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT:?SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT MEMBER MARKETING:?VICE PRESIDENTS:?DIRECTORS:?PRODUCTION SERVICES SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT:?IMAGING VICE PRESIDENT:?QUALITY TECHNICAL DIRECTOR:?DISTRIBUTION AND ADVERTISING PRODUCTION:?BUSINESS MAGAZINE DIRECTOR:?INTERNATIONAL EDITIONS?DEPUTY EDITORIAL DIRECTOR:?TRANSLATION MANAGER:?EDITORS?ARABIC:?BRAZIL:?BULGARIA:?CHINA:?CROATIA:?CZECHIA:?ESTONIA:?FARSI:?FRANCE:?GEORGIA:Levan?GERMANY: