Science 2018-10-12.pdf

CREDITS:(TOP TO BOTTOM)KELLIE HOLOSKI/SCIENCE FROM A.DAVIDSON;ISABEL HOLGUERA,CLAUDE DESPLAN LABORATORY;PIERRE HUGUET/SCIENCE SOURCE12 OCTOBER 2018 VOL 362 ISSUE 6411 125SCIENCE sciencemag.org12 OCTOBER 2018 VOLUME 362 ISSUE 6411CONTENTS152&207Gene swapping in bacteria INTRODUCTION 170 Mind-boggling brain developmentNEWS172 A fragile existence By H.Furfaro PODCASTREVIEWS176 Neuronal specification in space and time I.Holguera and C.Desplan181 Glia as architects of central nervous system formation and function N.J.Allen and D.A.Lyons185 Microglia and early brain development:An intimate journey M.S.Thion et al.190 Homology,neocortex,and the evolution of developmental mechanisms S.D.Briscoe and C.W.RagsdaleINSIGHTSPERSPECTIVES 148 AN ALTERNATIVE URBAN GREEN CARPETHow can we move to sustainable lawns in a time of climate change?By M.Ignatieva and M.Hedblom PODCAST150 NEXT-GENERATION SELF-HEALING MATERIALSAdjusting molecular structure tackles a long-standing problem of synthetic material longevity By B.S.Sumerlin REPORT P.220151 DIMERIZATION QUALITY CONTROLVIA UBIQUITYLATIONA specialized ubiquitin ligase enzyme approves only functional dimers By L.Herhaus and I.Dikic RESEARCH ARTICLE P.198152 A COMMON TRICK FOR TRANSFERRING BACTERIAL DNAA known virus-mediated process spreads bacterial genes more than expected By A.R.Davidson RESEARCH ARTICLE P.207154 TREG CELLSTHE NEXT FRONTIER OF CELL THERAPYWill regulatory T cells be a frontline therapy for autoimmunity and other diseases?By J.A.Bluestone and Q.Tang156 ANTI-CRISPRS ON THE MARCHThe diversity of anti-CRISPR proteins encoded by viruses is rapidly expanding By E.V.Koonin and K.S.Makarova REPORTS PP.236&240157 EASY ACCESS TO ELUSIVE RADICAL REACTIONSTwo mild approaches generate radical intermediates from masked aldehydes By J.M.Blackburn and J.L.Roizen REPORT P.225POLICY FORUM 159 RETURN OF RESULTS AND DATA TO STUDY PARTICIPANTSA recent report urges progress but builds barriers to research participants access By S.M.Wolf and B.J.EvansON THE COVERNeurons of the brain find their places during development guided by internal programs and external interac-tions.This confocal microscopy image from a Drosophila larva shows the characteristic placement of neurons in the optic lobe.The neurons are organized in layers according to their birth order,with the color of each layer corre-sponding to its neurons unique expression of transcription factors,as detected by immunofluorescence.This special issue highlights the behind-the-scenes forces and constraints that guide brain development.See page 170.Image:Isabel Holguera,Claude Desplan laboratorySEE ALSO RESEARCH ARTICLE P.200143 DNA PRINTERS POISED TO JUMP FROM PARAGRAPHS TO PAGESEnzymes that write DNA could turbocharge synthetic biology and data storage By R.F.ServiceFEATURES 144 A NEW LEAFA decade ago,France launched an ambitous effort to cut pesticide use by half.It failed.Now,the country is trying again By E.Stokstad146 VIVE LA RESISTANT VINES!By E.StokstadSPECIAL SECTIONBRAIN DEVELOPMENT144NEWSIN BRIEF134 News at a glanceIN DEPTH 138 LEAKS PUT ITALYS UNDERGROUND LAB IN JEOPARDYProsecutors charge Gran Sasso chiefs after chemical spills put spotlight on water safety By E.Cartlidge139 NASAS NEXT MARS ROVER AIMS TO EXPLORE TWO PROMISING SITES2020 rover could start with a river delta in Jezero crater By P.Voosen140 REPLUMBING THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEMClinical trials for lymphedema begin to test approaches to restore lymph flow By M.Leslie142 PROTEIN EVOLUTION EARNS CHEMISTRY NOBELDarwinian principles applied to biomolecules led to new drugs,fuels,and detergents By R.F.ServicePublished by AAASon October 14,2018 http:/science.sciencemag.org/Downloaded from(GRAPHIC)O.WILLHOFT ET AL.;(PHOTO)WILDLIFE CONSERVATION SOCIETY(WCS)MONGOLIA12 OCTOBER 2018 VOL 362 ISSUE 6411 127SCIENCE sciencemag.orgCONTENTS199Remodeling DNA 12 OCTOBER 2018 VOLUME 362 ISSUE 6411RESEARCHIN BRIEF 194 From Science and other journalsRESEARCH ARTICLES 197 CANCER BIOMARKERSPan-tumor genomic biomarkers for PD-1 checkpoint blockadebased immunotherapy R.Cristescu et al.RESEARCH ARTICLE SUMMARY;FOR FULL TEXT:dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aar3593198 PROTEIN HOMEOSTASISDimerization quality control ensures neuronal development and survival E.L.Mena et al.RESEARCH ARTICLE SUMMARY;FOR FULL TEXT:dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aap8236 PERSPECTIVE P.151199 STRUCTURAL BIOLOGYStructure and dynamics of the yeast SWR1-nucleosome complex O.Willhoft et al.RESEARCH ARTICLE SUMMARY;FOR FULL TEXT:dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aat7716200 NEURODEVELOPMENTThyroid hormone signaling specifies cone subtypes in human retinal organoids K.C.Eldred et al.RESEARCH ARTICLE SUMMARY;FOR FULL TEXT:dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aau6348 BRAIN DEVELOPMENT SECTION P.170201 SUPERNOVAEA hot and fast ultra-stripped supernova that likely formed a compact neutron star binary K.De et al.207 VIROLOGYGenome hypermobility by lateral transduction J.Chen et al.PERSPECTIVE P.152REPORTS 212 NANOMATERIALSEntropy-driven stability of c