National Geographic 2016年第02期.pdf

UNCOVERING THE CITYS BURIED PASTEXPLORER Eyes Wide OpenSunday,February 14,on the National Geographic ChannelFEBRUARY 2016Get involved,and see the ongoing documentary series at JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETYfebruary 2016 vol.229 no.2Corrections and Clarifications Go to the Cover What history lies under Londoners feet?Excavation for a new subway line has turned up artifacts from many erasmore than enough to ire an artists imagination.Art by Imaginary Forces134 Proof|Midnight Slalom Lights,cameras,snow,and night skiing combine in a photographers dream shoot.By Jeremy Berlin Photographs by Oskar Enander 110 The Changing Face of Saudi WomenWith degrees,jobs,and digital me-dia,theyre living in a wider world.By Cynthia Gorney Photographs by Lynsey Addario90 London Down UnderBeneath one of Europes oldest capitals lies a“rich archaeological layer cake”of historic artifacts.By Roff Smith Photographs by Simon Norfolk30 Seeing the LightFrom the unsophisticated to the ultrasharp,eyes have evolved to see to species needs.By Ed Yong Photographs by David Liittschwager58Denali|The Power of Parks:A Yearlong ExplorationThe national park covers six million acres of Alaska.How can that not be enough?By Tom Clynes Photographs by Aaron HueyA grizzly bear eats a ground squirrelone of the many edibles available to the omnivore in Denali National Park and Preserve.FROM THE EDITORPHOTO:LYNSEY ADDARIOSaudi WomenFounded in 2006,Jeddah United was the irst Saudi sports league to train and manage athletes of both genders.Above,members of its womens basketball team practice.Smashing StereotypesWhat is life like for women in the most profoundly gender-segregated nation on Earth at a time of fraught change?This was the question that drew two extraordinary journalistsphotographer Lynsey Addario and writer Cynthia Gorneyto an in-depth reporting assignment in Saudi Arabia.They returned with answers that show the tyranny of assumptions.Instead of victims beneath black veils,Addario and Gorney met warm,articulate women willing to invite them into their homes and talk about their experiences;women who joke,complain,express angerand smash to smithereens the stereo-type of the silenced Saudi woman.“I found women willing to argue energetically with me,and with each other,about almost everything,”says Gorney,including“womens new expectations in the workplace,whether gender-separating rules ought to change in the modernizing nation,and whether a womans dignity does or does not demand keeping her face covered in public.”These revelations come to life in Addarios photos,which depict professional,fashionable,tech-savvy womenimages missing from typical coverage of women in the Desert Kingdom.A constricted life persists.As Gorney says,“the litany of only nation in the world rules in Saudi Arabia is familiar by now:The only nation in the world that prohibits women from driving cars.The only nation that requires every adult female citizen to live under the supervision of a legally recognized male guardian The last nation,other than Vatican City,to grant women the vote.”To Americans,pretty much everything about this picture seems wrong.But as the superb reporting in this issue makes clear,wed be mistaken to assume that Saudi women want precisely our lives or our version of freedom and empowerment.National Geographic is known for taking readers to places they have never seen,places they may never go.“The Changing Face of Saudi Women”is that kind of piecea journey through a complex,hidden realm that yields a deeper understanding and appreciation of the world beyond the headlines.Susan Goldberg,Editor in Chief For more of Lynsey Addarios photos illuminating the lives of Saudi women,go to .The National Geographic Society is a global non-proit membership organization.We inspire through exploration,illuminate through stories,and,always,teach.CHIEF CONTENT OFFICER Chris Johns EDITOR IN CHIEF Susan GoldbergMANAGING EDITOR:David Brindley.EXECUTIVE EDITOR ENVIRONMENT:Dennis R.Dimick.DIRECTOR OF PHOTOGRAPHY:Sarah Leen.EXECUTIVE EDITOR NEWS AND FEATURES:David Lindsey.EXECUTIVE EDITOR SCIENCE:Jamie Shreeve.CREATIVE DIRECTOR:Emmet Smith.EXECUTIVE EDITOR CARTOGRAPHY,ART AND GRAPHICS:Kaitlin M.Yarnall NEWS/FEATURES DIGITAL NEWS DIRECTOR:Dan Gilgoff.SHORT-FORM DIRECTOR:Patricia Edmonds.EDITORS:Marla Cone,Christine DellAmore,Erika Engelhaupt,Peter Gwin,John Hoeffel,Wendy Koch,Robert Kunzig,Cathy Newman,Glenn Oeland,Oliver Payne.WRITERS:Jeremy Berlin,Eve Conant,Brian Clark Howard,Jane J.Lee,Christina Nunez,Laura Parker,Rachel Hartigan Shea,Daniel Stone,Mark Strauss,A.R.Williams,Catherine Zuckerman.CONTRIBUTING WRITERS:Robert Draper,Cynthia Gorney,David Quammen,Craig Welch.SPECIAL INVESTIGATIONS:Bryan Christy;Rachael Bale,Jani Actman.ADMINISTRATION:Natasha Daly,Lynn Feldmann,Becky Little PHOTOGRAPHY DEPUTY DIRECTORS:Ken Geiger,Whitney C.Johnson.BUSINESS MANAGER:Jenny Trucano.SENIOR PHOTO EDITORS:Kathy Moran(Natural History),Kurt Mutchler(Science);Kim Hubbard,Todd Jame