IEC_TR_61282-9-2006.pdf

TECHNICAL REPORT IEC TR 61282-9 First edition2006-07 Fibre optic communication system design guides Part 9:Guidance on polarization mode dispersion measurements and theory Reference number IEC/TR 61282-9:2006(E)LICENSED TO MECON Limited.-RANCHI/BANGALOREFOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY,SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU.Publication numbering As from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications are issued with a designation in the 60000 series.For example,IEC 34-1 is now referred to as IEC 60034-1.Consolidated editions The IEC is now publishing consolidated versions of its publications.For example,edition numbers 1.0,1.1 and 1.2 refer,respectively,to the base publication,the base publication incorporating amendment 1 and the base publication incorporating amendments 1 and 2.Further information on IEC publications The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC,thus ensuring that the content reflects current technology.Information relating to this publication,including its validity,is available in the IEC Catalogue of publications(see below)in addition to new editions,amendments and corrigenda.Information on the subjects under consideration and work in progress undertaken by the technical committee which has prepared this publication,as well as the list of publications issued,is also available from the following:IEC Web Site(www.iec.ch)Catalogue of IEC publications The on-line catalogue on the IEC web site(www.iec.ch/searchpub)enables you to search by a variety of criteria including text searches,technical committees and date of publication.On-line information is also available on recently issued publications,withdrawn and replaced publications,as well as corrigenda.IEC Just Published This summary of recently issued publications(www.iec.ch/online_news/justpub)is also available by email.Please contact the Customer Service Centre(see below)for further information.Customer Service Centre If you have any questions regarding this publication or need further assistance,please contact the Customer Service Centre:Email:custserviec.ch Tel:+41 22 919 02 11 Fax:+41 22 919 03 00 LICENSED TO MECON Limited.-RANCHI/BANGALOREFOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY,SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU.TECHNICAL REPORT IECTR 61282-9 First edition2006-07 Fibre optic communication system design guides Part 9:Guidance on polarization mode dispersion measurements and theory PRICE CODE IEC 2006 Copyright-all rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,electronic or mechanical,including photocopying and microfilm,without permission in writing from the publisher.International Electrotechnical Commission,3,rue de Varemb,PO Box 131,CH-1211 Geneva 20,SwitzerlandTelephone:+41 22 919 02 11 Telefax:+41 22 919 03 00 E-mail:inmailiec.ch Web:www.iec.ch XF For price,see current catalogueCommission Electrotechnique InternationaleInternational Electrotechnical Commission LICENSED TO MECON Limited.-RANCHI/BANGALOREFOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY,SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU.2 TR 61282-9 IEC:2006(E)CONTENTS FOREWORD.5 1 Scope.7 2 Normative references.7 3 Acronyms and abbreviations.8 4 General information.9 4.1 Polarization modes.9 4.2 Birefringence.11 4.3 Beat length.12 4.4 Polarization transfer function.12 4.5 Stokes parameters and the Poincar sphere.13 4.6 Principal states of polarization.15 4.7 Differential group delay.15 4.8 Polarization mode dispersion.15 4.9 Polarization dispersion and birefringence vectors.16 4.10 Polarization mode coupling.18 4.11 Second-order polarization mode dispersion.23 5 Mathematical formulations of the polarization mode dispersion test methods.26 5.1 Stokes parameter evaluation.26 5.2 Modulation phase shift.39 5.3 Polarization phase shift.42 5.4 Fixed analyser.45 5.5 Interferometric method.59 5.6 Poincar sphere arc method.84 5.7 Poole formula method.87 5.8 Single-end test methods.88 6 Measurement issues.95 6.1 Degree of polarization and amplified spontaneous emission.95 6.2 Suppression of amplified spontaneous emission using optical or electrical filtering.97 6.3 The use of a broadband source.98 6.4 The Nyquist theorem and optical measurements.99 6.5 Continuously swept tuneable laser source and sampling theory.106 6.6 Tuneable laser source and noise.107 6.7 The selection of the states of polarization.107 6.8 Coherence interference effects and multiple path interference.107 6.9 Fibre pigtails.108 6.10 Power measurement resolution and linearity.108 6.11 Calibration of test instruments.108 Annex A(informative)Summary of various PMD test methods found in IEC standards.109 Annex B(Informative)Summary of key definitions.111 Annex C(Informative)Calculation of polarization mode dispersion value.114 Annex D(informative)Generalised Parseval theorem.117 Annex E(informative)Open issues.119 Bibliography.125 LICENSED TO MECON Limited.-RANCHI/BANGALOREFOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY,SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU.TR 61282-9 IEC:2006(E)3