Science 2018-05-11.pdf

CREDITS:(FROM TOP)C.BICKEL/SCIENCE;DAVID MCLAIN;NIOBE THOMPSON11 MAY 2018 VOL 360 ISSUE 6389 577SCIENCE sciencemag.org11 MAY 2018 VOLUME 360 ISSUE 6389CONTENTSNEWSIN BRIEF582 News at a glanceIN DEPTH 584 HUNGARIAN SCIENCE TROUBLED BY NATIONALISMGovernment standoff with Central European University is coming to a head By K.Karth585 ANIMAL TESTS SURGE UNDER NEW U.S.CHEMICAL LAW2016 measure urged EPA to reduce animal use,but numbers are rising instead By V.Zainzinger586 NASA CANCELS CARBON MONITORING RESEARCH PROGRAMMove undermines efforts to use satellite and aircraft observations to verify greenhouse gas reduction treaties By P.Voosen 587 FINDING THE FIRST HORSE TAMERSGenes suggest that Central Asian hunter-gatherers,not famed Yamnaya herders,first domesticated horses By M.Price588 A NEW CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPY SUFFERS A SETBACKAn exciting drug failed in a large trial,triggering a retreat and raising questions about the fields frantic pace By K.Garber589 FAST STARS POINT TO SUPERNOVAE,BLACK HOLESSpeediest Milky Way stars in Gaia data release include invaders from other galaxies By J.SokolFEATURES 590 A DIFFERENT ANIMALOne gene separates spring-and fall-run Chinook salmon.Is that enough to justify an endangered species listing?By K.Langin PODCAST594 SMALL BUT MIGHTYMiniature antibodies discovered in sharks and camels are a boon for research and perhaps medicine By M.Leslie VIDEO590587600 ENERGY POWERHOUSES OF CELLSCOME INTO FOCUSHigh-resolution structures reveal core design features of rotary ATP synthases and ATPases By P.M.Kane RESEARCH ARTICLES PP.619&620601 HOW DOES TEMPERATURE DETERMINE SEX?Temperature-responsive epigenetic regulation clarifies a 50-year-old mystery in reptiles By A.Georges and C.E.Holleley RESEARCH ARTICLE P.645603 METABOLITE REGULATES DIFFERENTIATIONCompartmentalized NAD+metabolism regulates transcription to control adipogenesis By S.Trefely and K.E.Wellen RESEARCH ARTICLE P.618604 THE HIDDEN BIODIVERSITY OFAMPHIBIAN PATHOGENSDiscovery of additional amphibian chytrid pathogens increases conservation concerns By K.Lips RESEARCH ARTICLE P.621605 RESOLVING THE NEUTRON LIFETIME PUZZLEA measurement of trapped neutrons dramatically improves control of systematic uncertainties By P.Mumm RESEARCH ARTICLE P.627POLICY FORUM 607 A PROPOSED GLOBAL METRIC TO AID MERCURY POLLUTION POLICYThe Minamata Convention needs policy-relevant insight By N.E.SelinBOOKS ET AL.610 OPEN MINDSA revival in the scientific study of psychedelics prompts a journalist to take a trip By N.Pohl611 RESULTS ROLL IN FROMTHE DINOSAUR RENAISSANCEAn enjoyable round-the-world narrative synthesizes recent paleontological discoveries By V.Arbour594The upside of downsized antibodiesCan genetics resolve a battle over salmon?INSIGHTSPERSPECTIVES 598 HOW EARTHQUAKES ARE INDUCEDConditions within Earths crust determine whether human subsurface activities lead to earthquakes By T.Candela et al.DA_0511TOC.indd 5775/9/18 11:30 AMPublished by AAASon May 13,2018 http:/science.sciencemag.org/Downloaded from CREDITS:(FROM TOP)N.CARY/SCIENCE;SARAH BISBING11 MAY 2018 VOL 360 ISSUE 6389 579SCIENCE sciencemag.orgCONTENTS605&627Neutron lifetimes11 MAY 2018 VOLUME 360 ISSUE 6389RESEARCHIN BRIEF 615 From Science and other journalsRESEARCH ARTICLES 618 ADIPOGENIC REGULATIONMetabolic regulation of transcription through compartmentalized NAD+biosynthesis K.W.Ryu et al.RESEARCH ARTICLE SUMMARY;FOR FULL TEXT:dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aan5780 PERSPECTIVE P.603MOLECULAR MOTORS619 High-resolution cryo-EM analysis of the yeast ATP synthase in a lipid membrane A.P.Srivastava et al.RESEARCH ARTICLE SUMMARY;FOR FULL TEXT:dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aas9699620 Structure,mechanism,and regulation of the chloroplast ATP synthase A.Hahn et al.RESEARCH ARTICLE SUMMARY;FOR FULL TEXT:dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aat4318 PERSPECTIVE P.600621 AMPHIBIAN DECLINERecent Asian origin of chytrid fungi causing global amphibian declines S.J.OHanlon et al.PERSPECTIVE P.604652 COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGYEfficient coding explains the universal law of generalization in human perception C.R.Sims656 EVOLUTIONARY GENOMICSNatural selection interacts with recombination to shape the evolution of hybrid genomes M.Schumer et al.660 CANCERAn anatomic transcriptional atlas of human glioblastoma R.B.Puchalski et al.664 STRUCTURAL BIOLOGYStructural basis for recognition of frizzled proteins by Clostridium difficile toxin B P.Chen et al.ON THE COVERFire-bellied toads,Bombina orientalis,originate from the Korean peninsula.This species entered the expanding pet trade in the 20th century,carrying with it the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis.Whole-genome sequencing reveals that East Asia is a hotspot of genetic diversity for this chytrid fungus.Subsequently,hypervirulent lineages of the fungus have emerged and caused mass decline in wild amphibian species the world over.See pages 604 and 621.Photo:Emma Healey/Alamy Stock Photo SCIENCE(ISSN 0036-8075)is published weekly on Friday,except last week in D