美国加州教材 Bscs Biology - A Molecular Approach.pdf

interactivestudenteditionBSCS5415 Mark Dabling Blvd.Colorado Springs,CO 80918-3842SWP2618_FM_i-xv 10/8/04 5:13 AM Page 1BSCS Biology:A Molecular Approach,9thEditionBSCS Administrative StaffCarlo Parravano,Chair,Board of DirectorsRodger W.Bybee,Executive DirectorJanet Carlson Powell,Director and Chief Science Education OfficerPamela Van Scotter,Director,The BSCS Center for Curriculum DevelopmentMarcia Mitchell,Director of FinanceBSCS Project StaffProject Director:Rita StephensRevision Coordinator:Dottie WatkinsProduction Manager:Barbara PerrinProduction Staff:Stacey Luce,Lisa RasmussenReviewers:Mark Bloom,Steve Getty,Jerry PhillipsCover Image The cover image is a color-enhanced micrograph of pancreatic epithelial cells showing the distribution ofDNA(blue),microtubules(green),and actin(purple)(?2520 at 70 mm).Copyright 2006 BSCS.Published by Glencoe/McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.All rights reserved.Printed in North America.Thispublication is protected by copyright,and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any form of reproduction orunauthorized use.Any questions regarding this policy should be addressed to:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill8787 Orion PlaceColumbus,Ohio 43240-4027ISBN 0-07-866427-61 2 3 4058/11107 06 05 04SWP2618_FM_i-xv 10/12/04 3:28 PM Page iiiiiAll around us,life on Earth is engaged in an ancient and delicate dance of interdependence.Although we humans are only recent partners in this performance,we are deeply involvedbecause all life is related.We are also involved mentally because evolution has given us mentalcapacities that allow us to probe the complexity of life in ever-greater detail andtodaytomanipulate living systems in ways that were science fiction a generation ago.And we areinvolved emotionally because biology engages the human spirit at very basic levels.We not onlyknow that we are part of the living world,we feel itin our love of animals and wilderness,inthe pleasure we feel while in our gardens,and in our fascination with the primates that are ourclosest cousins.These days it is virtually impossible to avoid exposure to the implications of modern biology.Television news programs announce the discovery of a gene that is associated with breastcancer;newspapers report on the use of DNA analysis in criminal cases;popular magazinesdiscuss the most recent discoveries about human evolution;and celebrities warn about over-population,starvation,and threats to tropical rain forests.Although such issues may appearunrelated at first,they illustrate a rather small number of major principles that are common to allliving systems.These principles help shape our study of biology,and they provide the foundationfor this book:Evolution:patterns and products of changeInteraction and interdependenceGenetic continuity and reproductionGrowth,development,and differentiationEnergy,matter,and organizationMaintenance of a dynamic equilibriumScience,technology,and societyBSCS Blue Version approaches these seven principles largely from the perspective ofmolecular biology and focuses on minute structures such as cells and genes,as well as on theprocesses related to them.It would be a mistake,however,to assume that one can understandlife on Earth only by studying its smallest parts because all of these parts and their processesultimately exert their effects in whole organisms,which in turn interact with their externalenvironments.This book will introduce you to some of those interactions.Equally important,BSCS Blue Version will introduce you to the nature of science.It will require you to use theintellectual tools of inquiry that are common to all of science,which is a unique and powerfulsystem for asking questions about the natural world.As you work with your fellow students and your teacher to improve your understanding ofbiology,you will encounter a variety of intellectual challenges(and maybe even somefrustration)about the intricacies of life on Earth.But we hope you also will find great rewards.For as you uncover some of the mysteries of living systems,you likely will develop an increasedsense of wonder and respect for both lifes stunning complexity and its elegant simplicity.If we have done our job well,this book will leave you with an improved understanding of themyriad steps in lifes dance of interdependence.In addition,you will acquire the insightsnecessary to make informed decisions about personal and social issues that have their roots inbiology,and you will acquire the skills necessary to debate those issues.We hope you,your fellow students,and your teacher will let us know whether we haveaccomplished our goals.We welcome your feedback,and we welcome you to the ninth edition ofBSCS Blue Version.BSCS Blue Version Revision Team Jon Greenberg,Project DirectorFOREWORDSWP2618_FM_i-xv 10/8/04 5:13 AM Page iiiivPrologueBiology and the Molecular Perspective .1The New BiologyP.1 Biology in Your World,P.2 A Biological View ofAIDS,P.3 Growth Hormone:New Solution,New ProblemThe Methods of ScienceP.4 Solving