美国加州教材 Life Science Student Edition.pdf

interactivestudenteditionviContentsLifes Structure and Function.2Chapter 1Exploring and Classifying Life.4Chapter 2Cells.36Chapter 3Cell Processes.64Chapter 4Cell Reproduction.94Chapter 5Heredity.124Chapter 6Adaptations Over Time.152From Bacteria to Plants.184Chapter 7Bacteria.186Chapter 8Protists and Fungi.210Chapter 9Plants.240Chapter 10Plant Reproduction.272Chapter 11Plant Processes.302Animal Diversity.330Chapter 12Introduction to Animals.332Chapter 13Mollusks,Worms,Arthropods,Echinoderms.362Chapter 14Fish,Amphibians,and Reptiles.396Chapter 15Birds and Mammals.430Chapter 16Animal Behavior.458Human Body Systems.486Chapter 17Structure and Movement.488Chapter 18Nutrients and Digestion.516Chapter 19Circulation.544Chapter 20Respiration and Excretion.572Chapter 21Control and Coordination.598Chapter 22Regulation and Reproduction.626Chapter 23Immunity and Disease.656Ecology.688Chapter 24Interactions of Life.690Chapter 25The Nonliving Environment.718Chapter 26Ecosystems.746Chapter 27Conserving Resources.7764 4UNIT3 3UNIT2 2UNIT5 5UNITCONTENTSINBRIEF1 1UNITviiCO N T E N T SContentsLifes Structure and Function2Exploring and Classifying Life4What is science?.6Living Things.14Where does life come from?.19Visualizing the Origins of Life.20How are living things classified?.22Activity Classifying Seeds.27Activity:Design Your Own Experiment Using Scientific Methods.2829Science and Society Monkey Business.3031Cells36Cell Structure.38Activity Comparing Cells.46Viewing Cells.47Visualizing Microscopes.48Viruses.52Activity:Design Your Own Experiment Comparing Light Microscopes.5657Science and HistoryCobb Against Cancer.5859SECTION 3SECTION 2SECTION 1SECTION 4SECTION 3SECTION 2SECTION 11 12 21 1UNITviiiCell Processes64Chemistry of Life.66Moving Cellular Materials.74Visualizing Cell Membrane Transport.79Activity Observing Osmosis.80Energy for Life.81Activity Photosynthesis and Respiration.8687Science and Language Arts“Tulip”.8889Cell Reproduction94Cell Division and Mitosis.96Activity Mitosis in Plant Cells.103Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis.104Visualizing Polyploidy in Plants.108DNA.110Activity:Use the Internet Mutations.116117A Tangled Tale.118119SECTION 3SECTION 2SECTION 1SECTION 3SECTION 2SECTION 1CO N T E N T SContents4 43 3ixCO N T E N T SContentsHeredity124Genetics.126Visualizing Mendels Experiments.129Activity Predicting Results.133Genetics Since Mendel.134Advances in Genetics.141Activity:Design Your Own Experiment Tests for Color Blindness.144145Science Stats The Human Genome.146147Adaptations Over Time152Ideas About Evolution.154Activity Hidden Frogs.162Clues About Evolution.163Visualizing the Geologic Time Scale.166The Evolution of Primates.170Activity:Design Your Own Experiment Recognizing Variation in a Population.174175Science and History Fighting the Battle Against HIV.176177.182SECTION 3SECTION 2SECTION 1SECTION 3SECTION 2SECTION 15 56 6xFrom Bacteria to Plants184Bacteria186What are bacteria?.188Activity Observing Cyanobacteria.194Bacteria in Your Life.195Visualizing Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria.197Activity Composting.202203Science Stats Unusual Bacteria.204205Protists and Fungi210Protists.212Activity Comparing Algae and Protozoans.223Fungi.224Visualizing Lichens as Air Quality Indicators.229Activity:Model and Invent Creating a Fungus Field Guide.232233Science and Society Chocolate SOS.234235Plants240An Overview of Plants.242Visualizing Plant Classification.246Seedless Plants.248Seed Plants.254Activity Identifying Conifers.263Activity:Use the Internet Plants as Medicine.264265A Loopy Idea Inspires“Fasten-ating”Invention.266267SECTION 3SECTION 2SECTION 1SECTION 2SECTION 1SECTION 2SECTION 1CO N T E N T SContents2 2UNIT7 78 89 9xiCO N T E N T SContentsPlant Reproduction272Introduction to Plant Reproduction.274Seedless Reproduction.278Activity Comparing Seedless Plants.282Seed Reproduction.283Visualizing Seed Dispersal.291Activity:Design Your Own Experiment Germination Rate of Seeds.294295Science and Society Genetic Engineering.296297Plant Processes302Photosynthesis and Respiration.304Activity Stomata in Leaves.312Plant Responses.313Visualizing Plant Hormones.317Activity Tropism in Plants.320321Science and Language Arts Sunkissed:An Indian Legend.322323.328SECTION 2SECTION 1SECTION 3SECTION 2SECTION 110101111xiiAnimal Diversity330Introduction to Animals332Is it an animal?.334Sponges and Cnidarians.340Activity Observing a Cnidarian.347Flatworms and Roundworms.348Visualizing Parasitic Worms.352Activity:Design Your Own Experiment Comparing Free-Living and Parasitic Flatworms.354355Science and History Sponges.356357Mollusks,Worms,Arthropods,Echinoderms362Mollusks.364Segmented Worms.369Arthropods.374Visualizing Arthropod Diversity.380Activity Observing a Crayfish.383Echinoderms.384Activity What do worms eat?.388389Science and Language Arts from“The Creature on My Mind”.390391SECTION 4SECTION 3SECTION 2SECTION 1SECTION 3SECTION 2SECTION 1CO N T E N T SContents3 3UNIT12121313xiiiCO N T E N T SContentsFish,Amphibians,and Reptile