美国加州教材 Focus On Physical Science - California Grade 8 - Glencoe Mcgraw Hill 2007.pdf

interactivestudenteditionNew York,New York Columbus,Ohio Chicago,Illinois Peoria,Illinois Woodland Hills,CaliforniaFocus On Physical ScienceThe Palomar Observatory in north San Diego County is home to many telescopes including the Hale Telescope.The 5.1m Hale Telescope is used nightly for astronomical studies.Copyright 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.All rights reserved.Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act,no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means,or stored in a database or retrieval system,without prior written permission of the publisher.The National Geographic features were designed and developed by National Geographics Childrens Books and Education Division.Copyright National Geographic.The name“National Geographic”and the Yellow Border Rectangle are trademarks of National Geographic and their use,without prior written permission,is strictly prohibited.Send all inquiries to:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill8787 Orion PlaceColumbus,OH 43240-4027ISBN-13:978-0-07-879440-7ISBN-10:0-07-879440-4Printed in the United States of America.3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 079/043 10 09 08 07SciencenlinenlineStudy Tools Interactive Tables Interactive Time Line Animated Illustrations Lesson Self-Check Quizzes Chapter Test Practice Standardized Test Practice Vocabulary PuzzleMaker Interactive Tutor Multilingual Science Glossary Study to Go Online Student Edition BrainPop MoviesExtensions Virtual Labs Microscopy Links Periodic Table Links Career Links Prescreened Web Links WebQuest Project Science Fair Ideas Internet LabsFor Teachers Teacher Bulletin Board Teaching Today,and much more!Check out the following features on your Online Learning Center:iiiIntroduction to Investigation and Experimentation.2 9.a,9.b,9.c,9.e,9.f,9.gUnit 1Motion and Forces.42Chapter 1 Motion.44 1.a,1.b,1.c,1.d,1.e,1.f,9.b,9.d,9.e,9.fChapter 2 Forces .84 2.a,2.b,2.c,2.d,2.e,2.f,9.a,9.d,9.gChapter 3 Density and Buoyancy .126 8.a,8.b,8.c,8.d,9.fUnit 2Structure of Matter .168Chapter 4 Understanding the Atom.170 3.a,3.f,7.b,9.eChapter 5 Combining Atoms and Molecules.214 3.a,3.b,3.c,3.f,7.c,9.a,9.eChapter 6 States of Matter.250 3.d,3.e,9.e,9.gChapter 7 The Periodic Table and Physical Properties .286 3.f,5.d,7.a,7.b,7.c,9.a,9.eUnit 3Chemical Interactions.332Chapter 8 Chemical Reactions.334 3.b,3.f,5.a,5.b,5.c,7.c,9.a,9.eChapter 9 Acids and Bases in Solution.376 5.e,7.c,9.a,9.b,9.eChapter 10 Chemistry of Living Systems .418 3.c,6.a,6.b,6.c,9.cUnit 4Earth in Space.456Chapter 11 Our Solar System.458 2.g,4.c,4.d,4.e,9.a,9.eChapter 12 Stars and Galaxies.504 2.g,4.a,4.b,4.c,4.d,9.divThe California Science Teacher Advisory Board provided valuable input in the development of the 2007 edition of Focus On Physical Science.They helped create the scope and sequence of the Student Edition,provided content and pedagogical comments,and provided feedback for the Teacher Wraparound Edition.Charles Beecroft8th Grade Science TeacherColumbia School DistrictRedding,CATom CastroScience TeacherMartinez JHS/Martinez USDMartinez,CALisa L.CordesScience Department ChairRivera Middle School/El Rancho USDPico Rivera,CAJustin Cunningham EdDCoordinator,Small School District ServicesSan Diego,County Office of EducationSan Diego,CARichard FilsonScience Department ChairEdison High School,Stockton Unified School DistrictStockton,CABruce FisherDistinguished Teacher in ResidenceHumboldt State UniversityArcata,CADouglas FisherDirector of Professional DevelopmentCity Heights EducationalCollaborativeSan Diego,CAMindi FisherLeadership Team AdministratorPeninsula Union School DistrictSamoa,CAFrederick W.FrekingFaculty AdvisorUniversity of California,Los AngelesLos Angeles,CANancy FreyAssociate Professor of LiteracySan Diego State UniversitySan Diego,CAMaria C.GrantTeacherHoover High School/San Diego City School and San Diego State UniversitySan Diego,CAPatrick HortonScience TeacherDay Creek IntermediateSchoolEtiwanda,CAPatty HortonProfessionalDevelopment ProviderEtiwanda School DistrictEtiwanda,CAPatricia JurezCoordinator IIISacramento City Unified School DistrictSacramento,CAKathy MolnarProfessionalDevelopment MentorEtiwanda School DistrictEtiwanda,CACarol OrtonTeacherBernardo Heights Middle SchoolSan Diego,CAJoycalyn PeoplesScience SpecialistRiverside Unified School DistrictRiverside,CAWendi L.RodriguezTeacherHeritage/Snowline JUSDPhelan,CAGladys SorensenScience Department ChairPatrick Henry Middle SchoolGrenada Hills,CAGranger B.WardCaliforniaSuperintendent and Former Science TeacherSan Diego,CAvAuthorsLaurel Dingrando,MATSecondary Science CoordinatorGarland Independent School DistrictGarland,TXDouglas Fisher,PhDDirector of Professional Development and ProfessorCity Heights Educational Collaborative,San Diego State UniversitySan Diego,CAJennifer Gonya,PhDScience Content ConsultantThe Ohio State UniversityColumbus,OHDavid G.Haase,PhDProfessor of Physics and Director of The Science HouseNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleigh,NCCindy Klevickis,PhDPr