ISO_IEC_21838-2_2021-Character_PDF_documenten.pdf

Information technology Top-level ontologies(TLO)Part 2:Basic Formal Ontology(BFO)Technologies de linformation Ontologies de haut-niveau(TLO)Partie 2:Ontologie formelle de base(BFO)INTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO/IEC 21838-2First edition 2021-11Reference number ISO/IEC 21838-2:2021(E)ISO/IEC 2021iiISO/IEC 21838-2:2021(E)COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2021All rights reserved.Unless otherwise specified,or required in the context of its implementation,no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means,electronic or mechanical,including photocopying,or posting on the internet or an intranet,without prior written permission.Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCP 401 Ch.de Blandonnet 8CH-1214 Vernier,GenevaPhone:+41 22 749 01 11Email:copyrightiso.orgWebsite:www.iso.orgPublished in Switzerland ISO/IEC 2021 All rights reserved Foreword.vIntroduction.vi1 Scope.12 Normative references.13Termsanddefinitions.14 Conformity of BFO-2020 to ISO/IEC 21838-1.34.1 Overview.34.2 Natural language representation of BFO-2020.34.3 OWL 2 formalization of BFO-2020.34.4 Common Logic axiomatization of BFO-2020.34.4.1 General.34.4.2 Modularity.44.5 Specification of the purpose of BFO(in conformance with ISO/IEC 21838-1:2021,4.4.2).44.5.1 General.44.5.2 Example Open Biomedical Ontologies(OBO).44.5.3 Example Common Core Ontologies(CCO).44.6 Description of how conformance of a domain ontology to BFO is established(in conformance with ISO/IEC 21838-1:2021,4.4.3).54.6.1 Overview.54.6.2 Conformance through direct extension.54.6.3 Conformance through indirect extension.64.6.4 Conformance through re-engineering.64.6.5 Validating conformance to BFO.64.7 Specification of how consistency of the CL axiomatization of BFO-2020 is demonstrated(in conformance with ISO/IEC 21838-1:2021,4.4.4).64.7.1 Overview.64.7.2 Documentation.74.7.3 Structure of the model.74.8 Description of how interpretability of the OWL 2 axiomatization of BFO-2020 in the CL axiomatization is established(in conformance with ISO/IEC 21838-1:2021,4.4.5).74.8.1 Interpretability proof strategy for BFO-2020-OWL.74.8.2 Interpretability for alternative axiomatizations of BFO-2020.84.9 Demonstration of breadth of coverage of BFO(in conformance with with ISO/IEC 21838-1:2021,4.4.6).94.9.1 General.94.9.2 Space and time.94.9.3 Actuality and possibility.94.9.4 Classes and types.94.9.5 Change over time.94.9.6 Parts,wholes,unity and boundaries.104.9.7 Space and place.104.9.8 Scale and granularity.104.9.9 Qualities and other attributes.104.9.10 Quantities and mathematical entities.104.9.11 Processes and events.114.9.12 Constitution.114.9.13 Causality.114.9.14 Information and reference.114.9.15 Artefacts and socially constructed entities.114.9.16 Mental entities;imagined entities;fiction;mythology;religion.12ISO/IEC 21838-2:2021(E)iii ISO/IEC 2021 All rights reserved Contents PageISO/IEC 21838-2:2021(E)4.10 Documentation of ontology management principles(in conformance with ISO/IEC 21838-1:2021,4.4.8).12Bibliography.13 ISO/IEC 2021 All rights reserved ivForewordISO(the International Organization for Standardization)and IEC(the International Electrotechnical Commission)form the specialized system for worldwide standardization.National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity.ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest.Other international organizations,governmental and non-governmental,in liaison with ISO and IEC,also take part in the work.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives,Part 1.In particular,the different approval criteria needed for the different types of document should be noted.This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives,Part 2(see www.iso.org/directives or www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights.ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received(see www.iso.org/patents)or the IEC list of patent declarations received(see https:/patents.iec.ch).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards,the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment,as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization(WTO)principles in