IEC_61452-2021.pdf

IEC 61452 Edition 2.0 2021-06 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD Nuclear instrumentation Measurement of activity or emission rate of gamma-ray emitting radionuclides Calibration and use of germanium-based spectrometers IEC 61452:2021-06(en)colourinside THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2021 IEC,Geneva,Switzerland All rights reserved.Unless otherwise specified,no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,electronic or mechanical,including photocopying and microfilm,without permission in writing from either IEC or IECs member National Committee in the country of the requester.If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication,please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information.IEC Central Office Tel.:+41 22 919 02 11 3,rue de Varemb infoiec.ch CH-1211 Geneva 20 www.iec.ch Switzerland About the IEC The International Electrotechnical Commission(IEC)is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes International Standards for all electrical,electronic and related technologies.About IEC publications The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC.Please make sure that you have the latest edition,a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.IEC publications search-webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a variety of criteria(reference number,text,technical committee,).It also gives information on projects,replaced and withdrawn publications.IEC Just Published-webstore.iec.ch/justpublished Stay up to date on all new IEC publications.Just Published details all new publications released.Available online and once a month by email.IEC Customer Service Centre-webstore.iec.ch/csc If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need further assistance,please contact the Customer Service Centre:salesiec.ch.IEC online collection-oc.iec.ch Discover our powerful search engine and read freely all the publications previews.With a subscription you will always have access to up to date content tailored to your needs.Electropedia-www.electropedia.org The worlds leading online dictionary on electrotechnology,containing more than 22 000 terminological entries in English and French,with equivalent terms in 18 additional languages.Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary(IEV)online.IEC 61452 Edition 2.0 2021-06 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD Nuclear instrumentation Measurement of activity or emission rate of gamma-ray emitting radionuclides Calibration and use of germanium-based spectrometers INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ICS 17.240 ISBN 978-2-8322-9813-8 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Warning!Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.colourinside 2 IEC 61452:2021 IEC 2021 CONTENTS FOREWORD.6 INTRODUCTION.8 1 Scope.9 2 Normative references.9 3 Terms,definitions and symbols.10 3.1 Terms and definitions.10 3.2 Symbols.15 4 Installation of instrumentation.16 5 Peak analysis and calibration procedures.16 5.1 Energy calibration.16 5.2 Energy resolution calibration.17 5.3 Peak-finding algorithm.17 5.4 Peak position and area measurement.17 5.5 Efficiency calibration measurement.18 5.5.1 General.18 5.5.2 Standardization coefficient for specific radionuclides.18 5.5.3 Detector efficiency as a function of energy.18 5.5.4 Efficiency function.19 6 Gamma-ray measurements with HPGe spectrometers.21 6.1 Measurement of gamma-ray energies.21 6.2 Measurement of gamma-ray emission rates and radionuclide activities.21 6.2.1 General.21 6.2.2 Subtraction of interference peaks in the background.22 6.2.3 Radioactive decay.23 6.2.4 Pulse pile-up(random summing).25 6.2.5 True coincidence(cascade)summing.26 6.2.6 Efficiency transfer corrections.26 7 Performance tests of the spectrometry system.29 7.1 General.29 7.2 Multichannel-analyser and digital signal processing clocks.29 7.3 DC offset and pole-zero settings.29 7.4 Energy calibration.29 7.5 Spectrometer efficiency and energy resolution.29 7.6 Pulse pile-up(random summing).30 8 Performance tests of the analysis software.31 8.1 General.31 8.2 Test of automatic peak-finding algorithm.31 8.3 Test of independence of peak-area from the gross peak-height to continuum-height ratio.33 8.4 Test of the doublet-peak finding and fitting algorithms.34 9 Verification of the entire analysis process.37 9.1 Assessment of the magnitude of true coincidence summing.37 9.2 Deviations in the relative full-energy-peak efficiency.40 9.3 Accuracy of the full-energy-peak efficiency.41 10 Radionuclide identification.41 10.1 General.41 IEC 61452:2021 IEC 2021 3 10.2 Identification through multipeak analysis and correction for interference from other radionuclides.42 10.3 Detection limits.42 11 Uncertainties and uncertainty propagation.42 12 Mathematical efficiency an