南宁市居民对心肺复苏与自动除颤仪的认知度调查_梁政.pdf

论著调查与研究基金项目:广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会自筹经费科研课题(Z20200924)作者简介:梁政(1988 )，男，本科，主管护师，研究方向:急危重症护理。通信作者:黄霜霞(1965 )，女，本科，主任护师，研究方向:急危重症护理。南宁市居民对心肺复苏与自动除颤仪的认知度调查梁政黄霜霞黄翠青侯璐蒙卢莉颖(广西医科大学第一附属医院急诊科，广西南宁市530021)【摘要】目的了解南宁市居民对心肺复苏与自动除颤仪(AED)的认知情况。方法采用自行设计的心肺复苏与 AED 认知调查问卷对南宁市 1 879 名居民进行调查。分析居民学习心肺复苏知识的主要途径、对心肺复苏的认知情况、对 AED 的知晓情况及认为必须配备 AED 的场所、实施口对口人工呼吸的意愿。比较不同人口学特征居民对心肺复苏和 AED 认知情况、实施口对口人工呼吸意愿的差异。结果居民学习心肺复苏知识的主要途径为急救知识普及活动(63 70%)和健康教育讲座培训(62 85%)。有 48 96%的居民认为心搏骤停的第一目击者首要采取的措施为立即进行胸外心脏按压与人工呼吸;居民对胸外按压深度、按压频率及人工呼吸时需要捏鼻子的答题正确率分别为 56 20%、57 69%、86 70%。知道 AED 的居民较少(44 86%)，多数居民(55 14%)不太清楚或者完全不知道 AED;居民认为必须配备 AED 的场所主要为运动场(65 03%)、地铁站(57 96%)、学校(57 96%)、机场(48 54%)。不同性别居民对第一目击者首要措施、人工呼吸时需要捏鼻子的认知情况差异有统计学意义，且不同年龄、职业的居民对胸外按压深度和按压频率的认知情况差异有统计学意义(均 P 0 05);不同年龄、学历、职业的居民对 AED 相关知识的认知情况差异均有统计学意义，不同性别、年龄、职业的居民口对口人工呼吸意愿差异均有统计学意义(均 P 0 05)。结论南宁市居民对心肺复苏和 AED 相关知识的认知水平较前提高，但整体水平仍较低。今后应加强多元化培训，同时配备“AED 组合包”提高公众实施人工呼吸的意愿，促进公众急救能力的提升。【关键词】心肺复苏;自动除颤仪;认知度;居民;南宁市【中图分类号】605 974【文献标识码】A【文章编号】0253-4304(2022)23-2780-07DOI:10 11675/j issn 0253-4304 2022 23 14Awareness investigation of Nanning residents on cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillatorLIANG Zheng，HUANG Shuang-xia，HUANG Cui-qing，HOU Lu-meng，LU Li-ying(Department of Emergency，the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University，Nanning 530021，Guangxi，China)【Abstract】ObjectiveTo understand the Nanning residents cognition on cardiopulmonary resuscitation andautomated external defibrillator(AED)MethodsInvestigation on 1879 Nanning residents was performed byself-designed cognitive questionnaire of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and AED The residents main approaches tolearning cardiopulmonary resuscitation knowledge，cognition of residents on cardiopulmonary resuscitation，awareness ofresidents on AED，and residents considerations of the locations necessarily equipped with AED，as well as residentswillingness of performing mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration were analyzedThe differences of cognition ofcardiopulmonary resuscitation and AED，and willingness of performing mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration werecompared between the residents with different demographic characteristics esultsThe residents main approachesto learning cardiopulmonary resuscitation knowledge were activities of first aid knowledge popularization(63 70%)and health education lecture training(62 85%)There were 48 96%residents considered that the first measurestaken by the first witness of cardiac arrest was immediate external chest compression and artificial respiration Theaccuracy of residents on pressing depth and frequency of external chest compression，and the need to pinch noseduring artificial respiration were 56 20%，5769%and 86 70%，respectively Few of residents(44 86%)knewabout AED，and most of residents(5514%)did not quite clear or completely not hear about AED The main locationsnecessarily equipped with AED considered by residents were sports arenas(65 03%)，subway stations(57 96%)，0872Guangxi Medical Journal，Dec 2022，Vol 44，No 23schools(5796%)，and airports(48 54%)There were statistically significant differences in cognition of the firstmeasure taken by the first witness，and need to pinch nose during artificial respiration between the residents withdifferent genders，and there were statistically significant differences in cognition of pressing depth and frequency ofexternal chest compression between the residents with different ages and occupations(all P 0 05);moreover，therewere statistically significant differences in cognition on knowledge related to AED between the residents with differentages，education backgrounds and occupations，and the difference in willingness of performing mouth-to-mouthartificial respiration was statistically significant between the residents with different genders，ages and occupations(allP 0 05)ConclusionIn Nanning，residents cognition level of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and knowledgerelated to AED are elevated than before，but the overall level is still low In the future，it is necessary to strengthendiversified training，and equip with the AED collective package to improve residents willingness to perform artificialrespiration，and promote the improvement of residents first aid ability【Key words】Cardiopulmonary resuscitation，Automated external defibrillator，Awareness，esidents，Nanning中国心血管健康与疾病报告 2020 显示，2018年心血管疾病是导致我国城乡居民死亡的首要原因，心血管疾病给社会带来的经济负担日渐加重，已成为重大的公共卫生问题1。近年来，我国心搏骤停的发生率逐年上升，心源性猝死已经成为我国最常见的死亡原因2。我国每年发生心搏骤停的人数约54 4 万人，而抢救成功且神经系统预后良好的患者仅占 1%左右3。80%的院外心搏骤停患者发生了室颤4，第一目击者对心搏骤停患者的快速识别、尽早对患者进行心肺复苏和除颤、快速启动当地的应急反应系统，对患者的预后至关重要5。欧美国家合格的第一目击者占比为 30%，而我国合格的第一目击者占比不到 1%，我国公众的急救意识及急救水平较差6。有研究报告，仅有 25%的院外心脏骤停患者获得了心肺复苏急救7。随着“健康中国 2030”的提出及“全国心肺复苏普及进亿家精准健康工程”的落地实施，社会各界都在积极推动我国公众心肺复苏科学和技术的普及推广，帮助公众掌握应对心搏骤停的防治方法。为了了解“全国心肺复苏普及进亿家精准健康工程”实施后公众对心肺复苏与自动除颤仪(automated external defibrillator，AED)的认知度，为今后制定心肺复苏及 AED 操作的培训计划和培训目标提供依据，本研究通过现场微信推送问卷的方式对南宁市 1 879 名居民进行调查，现报告如下。1对象与方法1 1调查对象2019 年 3 月至 11 月采用方便抽样的方法对具有独立民事行为能力且知情同意并配合调查的 1 879 名南宁市居民进行调查。其中男性 605名、女性 1 274 名，年龄 17 69(22 79 7 45)岁;学历