中外盆景造型大全树木盆景造型下_王志英画；赵庆泉文.pdf

中外盆景造型大全樹木盆景造型(下册)同济大学出版杜只6房雜木盆景造型雜木盆景是指以閥莱類樹種爲材料，表現大自然中雜樹景觀的盆景。這類盆景多采用樹姿優美的落莱樹作材料，以樹木的根、干、枝的姿態美爲觀賞重點，其落葉或摘葉后的寒樹景象尤具魅力。雜木盆景耐修剪，成型快，樹材來源又較豐富，故很受盆景愛好者的歡迎。其造型千姿百態，各异其趣，或雄渾、或秀雅、或蒼勁、或柔美。在中國盆景中，雜木類的造型式樣主要有斜干式、多干式、懸崖式，其次有直干式、曲干式、卧干式、提根式、合栽式等。對樹木枝條的處理形式常見有“蓄枝截干”的“枝托”（以嶺南派爲代表)，“粗扎細剪”的“圓片”（以蘇派爲代表），以及“精扎細剪”的“雲片”（以揚派爲代表）三種類型。在日本盆栽中，雜木類的造型式樣以直干、雙干、三干、帚立、寄植最爲多見，其次有斜干、模樣木、株立等式樣。對枝條的處理多以修剪爲主，小枝極其細密。樹冠的形状有三角形、圓形、帚形等，因樹而异。雜木盆景大多采用較淺的釉陶盆，以突出樹木姿態。This sort of penjing presents a picture of natural broadleaf trees of various species.The usual theme isdeciduous trees of fine shapes with their graceful roots,trunks,branches and twigs to be appreciated Skele-tontrees with leaves fallen or nipped out radiate a particular charm.Tree penjing of miscellaneous species isa favourite with penjing enthusiasts because it can tolerate pruning and trimming,take shape in not a longtime and have rich resources to choose material from.Each of its multifarious models is expressive of eithervigor or elegance,either hardiness or tenderness.Aside from slanting trunk,multi-trunk and cascade which are most common,styles in Chinese penjingalso include upright trunk,curved trunk,reclining trunk,exposed trunk,group planting etc.Three ordinarymethods of training branches and twigs are:retaining the branches but cutting the trunkto form branchletclusters(with Lingnan School as representative),Rough wiring with meticulous pruningfor roundlayers(Suzhou School being typical)and prudent wiring and meticulous pruninginto cloud layers(in-dicative of Yangzhou School).Common Japanese bonsai styles of miscellaneous species are upright trunk,twin trunk,triple trunk,broom and group planting.Others are slanting trunk,informal upright trunk and clump.The branchlets inmost cases are pruned to encourage a dense growth of twigs.The crown of the tree usually takes the shape ofa triangle,a sphere and a broom depending on the species.The fine shape of the tree is best displayed in shallow glazed pots that are most often used with miscella-neous species.