煤矿气体检测设备交叉干扰及评判方法研究_陈永冉.pdf

煤矿气体检测设备交叉干扰及评判方法研究陈永冉（安标国家矿用产品安全标志中心有限公司，北京100013）摘要：目前煤矿井下气体检测设备常因交叉干扰造成误报警甚至不报警，存在安全隐患，且现行国家或行业标准并未对气体交叉干扰提出明确的评判方法。针对上述问题，结合煤矿井下实际的环境气体类型和体积分数阈值情况，采用理论分析和试验验证相结合的方法研究了基于催化燃烧、激光和电化学 3 种常用原理的气体检测设备的交叉干扰机理和交叉干扰特性，设计并进行了交叉干扰试验。结合现行标准中气体检测设备误差试验通用方法，提出了基于煤矿井下特殊气体环境的气体检测设备交叉干扰评判方法：采用试验方法对气体检测设备交叉干扰特性进行评估，通入交叉干扰气样，计算气体检测设备的交叉干扰值，并与设备最高精度比较，从而判断非目标气体是否对气体检测设备造成交叉干扰影响。试验结果表明：气体检测设备交叉干扰影响普遍存在，在煤矿井下特定气体环境条件下，基于催化燃烧原理的甲烷检测设备易受硫化物和氢气干扰，应避免长时间在含有硫化氢或二氧化硫的气体环境中使用，以免造成催化剂中毒或抑制，影响测量精度；基于激光原理的甲烷和乙炔检测设备基本不受煤矿井下常见气体干扰，可以不进行交叉干扰试验，基于激光原理的乙烯检测设备易受甲烷气体的影响，经交叉干扰评判合格的，可以在甲烷环境中使用，不合格的应明确产品不能在含有甲烷的环境中使用；基于电化学原理的气体检测设备的交叉干扰特性具有不确定性，需经交叉干扰评判后，明确其可以和不可以使用的交叉干扰气体环境。关键词：气体检测设备；交叉干扰机理；干扰特性；评判方法；催化甲烷传感器；激光气体传感器；电化学气体传感器中图分类号：TD71文献标志码：AResearch on cross interference and evaluation method of coal mine gas detection equipmentCHEN Yongran(China Mining Products Safety Approval and Certification Center,Beijing 100013,China)Abstract:At present,coal mine underground gas detection equipment often causes false alarms or fails toalarm due to cross interference.There are potential safety hazards.There is no clear evaluation method for gascross interference in current national or industry standards.In view of the above problems,combining with theactual underground environment gas type and volume fraction threshold in coal mines,the cross interferencemechanism and characteristics of gas detection equipment based on the three commonly used principles ofcatalytic combustion,laser and electrochemistry are researched by using a combination method of theoreticalanalysis and experimental verification.The cross interference tests are designed and conducted.Combining withthe common methods of gas detection equipment error testing in current standards,a gas detection equipmentcross interference evaluation method based on the special gas environment in coal mines is proposed.The cross 收稿日期：2021-12-15；修回日期：2023-02-03；责任编辑：张强。基金项目：“十三五”建设项目（2018-000052-91-01-000004）；安标国家矿用产品安全标志中心有限公司科技创新基金项目（2020ZL003）；中国煤炭科工集团有限公司科技创新创业资金专项项目（2020-QN001，2022-2-MS008）。作者简介：陈永冉（1986），男，江苏徐州人，助理研究员，硕士，现主要从事安全监控与通信矿用产品安全标志技术审查和产品检验相关工作，E-mail：。引用格式：陈永冉.煤矿气体检测设备交叉干扰及评判方法研究J.工矿自动化，2023，49（2）：63-69,93.CHEN Yongran.Research on cross interference and evaluation method of coal mine gas detection equipmentJ.Journal of MineAutomation，2023，49（2）：63-69,93.第 49 卷 第 2 期工矿自动化Vol.49 No.22023 年 2 月Journal of Mine AutomationFeb.2023 文章编号：1671251X（2023）02006308DOI：10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.17871interference characteristics of the gas detection equipment are evaluated using the test method.By introducingcross interference gas samples,the cross interference value of the gas detection equipment is calculated.The valueis compared with the highest precision of the equipment so as to determine if the non-target gas has a crossinterference impact on the gas detection equipment.The test results show that cross interference of gas detectionequipment is widespread.The methane detection equipment based on the catalytic combustion principle is easy tobe interfered by sulfide and hydrogen under the specific gas environment conditions in the coal mine.Therefore,methane detection equipment should be avoided to be used in the gas environment containing hydrogen sulfide orsulfur dioxide for a long time.It will avoid poisoning or inhibiting the catalyst and affecting the measurementprecision.Gas detection equipment based on the laser principle for detecting methane and acetylene is generallynot affected by interference from common gases in coal mines and does not require cross interference testing.However,gas detection equipment based on the laser principle for detecting ethylene is affected by interferencefrom methane gas.If it passes the cross interference evaluation,it can be used in a methane environment.If itfails,it should be clearly stated that the product cannot be used in environments containing methane.The crossinterference characteristics of gas detection equipment based on the electrochemical principle are uncertain.It isnecessary to determine the cross interference gas environment that can and cannot be used after the crossinterference evaluation.Key words:gas detection equipment;mechanism of cross interference;interference characteristics;evaluation method;catalytic methane sensor;laser gas sensor;electrochemical gas sensor 0引言为了确保煤矿安全生产，保障矿工职业健康，煤矿安全规程（2022）对煤矿井下常见气体体积分数做出了明确规定，这就要求气体检测设备应能准确测量气体体积分数1-2。但由于煤矿井下气体成分复杂，极易对气体检测设备造成交叉干扰3，即气体检测设备对非目标气体也有反应，导致读数误差，从根本上影响测量值的准确度，从而可能造成设备冒大数、误报警甚至不报警，存在安全隐患。目前现行气体检测设备型式检验标准仅对目标气体环境下设备基本误差提出了要求，并未对非目标气体对基本误差造成交叉干扰做出明确规定，这给气体检测设备的检测检验带来了巨大挑战。为揭示气体检测设备交叉干扰影响规律，完善检测检验技术，本文针对目前常用的基于催化燃烧、电化学和激光原理的气体检测设备，分析其应用现状，研究其交叉干扰机理及特性，设计并开展交叉干扰试验，提出交叉干扰检测检验评判方法，为相关标准制订提供一定的思路和参考。1煤矿井下气体检测设备应用现状分析经统计分析近 3 年约 360 个规格型号气体检测设备的煤矿应用情况得出，催化燃烧、电化学和激光原理是目前应用较为广泛的气体检测原理，基于这3 种原理的气体检测设备基本可满足煤矿井下大部分气体检测的应用需求。1.1测量对象分析基于催化燃烧原理的气体检测设备具有结构简单、制造成本低的特点，大量用于测量低浓度甲烷气体。基于电化学原理的气体检测设备具有功耗低、制造成本低、测量种类多的特点，大量用于测量氧气、二氧化碳、一氧化碳、硫化氢、二氧化硫、氧化氮、氢气、氨气气体。激光技术是近些年的研究热点，基于激光原理的气体检测设备具有测量精度高、维护成本低等优点，广泛用于测量