文章编号:1673-5196(2023)01-0012-10耐候钢Q450NQR1深熔GMAW电弧行为张明华*1,2,张乾超1,黄秀培1,易冉3,冯存义3,洪波1,2(1.湘潭大学机械工程学院,湖南湘潭411105;2.焊接机器人及应用技术湖南省重点实验室,湖南湘潭411105;3.中车株洲车辆有限公司,湖南株洲412003)摘要:分别采用深熔GMAW和脉冲MAG对耐候钢Q450NQR1进行了焊接试验,焊接过程中采集电流、电压及其对应的电弧图像,观察和分析了电弧形态和焊缝成型,同时基于图像处理考察了深熔GMAW焊接电流和焊接速度对电弧行为、焊缝成型的影响.结果表明:相比脉冲MAG,深熔GMAW电弧能量更集中,热源位置下降,焊缝熔深增加,且焊缝几何对称性较好;随着深熔GMAW焊接电流的增加和焊接速度的降低,电弧面积减小,边缘周长变短,质心位置下降,焊缝熔透深度增加;焊接电流315A、焊接速度650mm/min时焊接电弧最为稳定,焊缝成型质量也最好.采用优化的焊接工艺完成了12mm厚Q450NQR1钢板材的单面焊双面成型,焊缝成型较好,接头各区域无软化和脆化现象.关键词:深熔GMAW;高速摄像;电弧形态;图像处理;焊缝成型中图分类号:TG442文献标志码:AArcbehaviorofdeeppenetrationGMAWofweatheringsteelQ450NQR1ZHANGMing-hua1,2,ZHANGQian-chao1,HUANGXiu-pei1,YIRan3FENGCun-yi3,HONGBo1,2(1.SchoolofMechanicalEngineering,XiangtanUniversity,Xiangtan411105,China;2.KeyLaboratoryofWeldingRobotandApplicationTechnologyofHunanProvince,Xiangtan411105,China;3.ChinaRailwayRollingStockCorporationZhuzhouCo.Ltd.,Zhuzhou412003,China)Abstract:TheweatheringsteelQ450NQR1wasweldedseparatelybyusingthedeeppenetrationGMAWandpulseMAG.Theweldingcurrent,voltageandthecorrespondingarcimageduringtheweldingwascol-lected.Therelationshipbetweenthedynamicbehavioroftheweldingarcandtheweldformationwasana-lyzedbyprocessingarcimage.Atthesametime,theinfluenceofthedifferentweldingcurrentandweldingspeedunderthedeeppenetrationGMAWonthearcbehaviorandtheweldformationwasresearched.TheresultsshowedthatcomparedwithpulsedMAG,deeppenetrationGMAWhasmoreconcentratedarcen-ergy,lowerheatsourceposition,increasedweldpenetration,andgoodweldgeometricsymmetry;duringdeeppenetrationwelding,astheweldingcurrentincreasesandtheweldingspeeddecreases,thearcareadecreases,thearcedgeperimeterbecomesshorter,th...
