·114·当代外国文学No.4,2022诺贝尔作家作品研究论《黄金国的失落》中的生态帝国主义张弛内容提要:英国作家V·S·奈保尔在《黄金国的失落》中以帝国历史文献为基础描述了惊险刺激的黄金国探险,不仅满足西方读者对殖民地的刻板印象,激发他们对殖民历史的关注和向往,还将整个加勒比群岛塑造为亟待文明世界拯救的蛮夷之地,沦为帝国叙事和霸权话语操控下的地域他者。但作家也尝试消解殖民行动的历史真实感,将西方人试图成就英雄史诗的拓殖壮举表现为荒诞可笑的闹剧,进而批判了生态殖民活动和殖民扩张的共谋关系。受西方利益至上的农业种植理念和工具理性思想影响,资源掠夺和物种入侵不仅对殖民地的生态环境造成难以估量的恶劣影响,还迫使土著人成为工具化的符号和殖民活动的消耗品。关键词:生态帝国主义殖民主义地域他者V·S·奈保尔加勒比群岛作者简介:张弛,南京林业大学外国语学院副教授,文学博士,研究方向为英美文学。Title:OnEcologicalImperialisminV.S.Naipaul’sTheLossofElDoradoABSTRACT:InTheLossofElDorado,V.S.Naipauldescribesathrillingexplora-tionoftheCaribbeanbasedonimperialdocuments,whichnotonlycoincideswithstereo-typicalimpressionsthatWesternreadershaveconcerningthecolonyanddrawstheirat-tentiontocolonialhistory,butalsopresentsthewholeoftheCaribbeanasaprimitiveandbarbarianspacethatneedstobesavedbycivilizedEuropeans.Suchdescriptionsthusren-dertheCaribbeanageographicalOthermanipulatedbyimperialnarrativesandhegemonicdiscourse.ButNaipaulalsotriestodispelthehistoricalrealityofcolonialexpansionandridiculethecolonists’“heroic”undertakings,inordertoexaminetheintricaterelationshipbetweenecologicalcolonizationandcolonialatrocities.TheplunderofresourcesandtheDOI:10.16077/j.cnki.issn1001-1757.2022.04.016·115·论《黄金国的失落》中的生态帝国主义invasionofspecies,whichproducescatastrophiceffectsonthenaturalecologyofformercoloniesnotonlyinstrumentalizesindigenouspeopleinthecreationofcolonialatrocities,butrenderstheCaribbeanIslandsavictimofbothprofit-orientedWesternagricultureandinstrumentalrationality.Keywords:ecologicalimperialism,colonialism,geographicalOther,V.S.Naipaul,theCaribbeanAuthor:ZhangChiisa...