历史景观类型理论的实证分析...1774—1955年）为例_王小杰.pdf

BIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUA2023 年第 2 期（总第 230 期）边疆经济与文化THE BORDER ECONOMY AND CULTURENo.2.2023General.No.230收稿日期：2022-04-22作者简介：王小杰，助理馆员，硕士，从事文博、区域历史地理研究。历史景观是历史时期客观存在的地理事实。正如历史地理学接受着现代地理学学科理论的指导，历史景观研究则接受着景观研究相关理论的指导。以景观生态学为例，景观被视为由斑块、廊道、基质这三类空间构成的生态系统。蒋依依的 格局与过程：旅游景观研究 就曾利用景观生态学这一理论对云南丽江县的旅游景观进行深入的分析1。区位序列景观、方位序列景观、时间序列景观、个人感知景观四分法是见诸 旅游资源景观论 的旅游景观分类法。这种分类方法的优点在于突出了人们对旅游景观的感知2，但时间、方位、区位等三组序列景观与个人感知景观有所不同，它们突出了人们对旅游景观的时空感知，有较强的客观性。“感知”一词是心理学的概念，包括感觉和知觉，是人们对直接作用于感觉器官的客观事物不同程度的反应。人对空间、时间、运动等的知觉属于物体知觉。所以，在时空感知概念影响下，用区位、方位、时间三分法去认识旅游景观是有理论依据的。奥德费认为，人的需要可分为生存、关系、成长等三个层次3177。旅游资源景观论 2所提到的个人感知景观实际上可称为类属感知景观，主要与人的社会知觉有关。依据奥德费的需要层次理论，旅游景观还可根据生存感知、类属感知、审美感知等三个层次进行分类，分别是与旅行基本需要密切关联的景观、不同类别人感知的景观、能够激发审美感知的景观。这三类景观都属于旅游者需求感知关联的景观。本文对历史景观类型的探讨，是在有所分析的基础上借鉴了 旅游资源景观论 2的旅游景观分类法（见表 1）。历史景观类型理论的实证分析以游记所见亚东县景观（17741955 年）为例王小杰（周口市关帝庙民俗博物馆，河南 周口 466000）摘 要：西藏亚东县境内，北为高原，南为山谷，南北景观对比鲜明，类型丰富。主干交通路呈东北西南走向，使景观风貌呈现得较为充分。利用游记文献分析亚东县的历史景观，对历史景观的类型以亚东县为例进行实证研究，探讨历史景观所蕴含的人类需求感知，由此加强对历史景观的研究，这有利于现时相关风景资源的保护与开发。关键词：游记；亚东县；历史景观；类型；风景开拓中图分类号：K928文献标志码：A文章编号：1672-5409（2023）02-0074-06表 1景观/历史景观分类表74BIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN JIANG JING JI YU WEN HUABIAN