第23卷第2期2023年2月过程工程学报TheChineseJournalofProcessEngineeringVol.23No.2Feb.2023Separationofleadandantimonyinlead-antimonyalloybygaspressurefiltrationYangMEI,LeiGUO*,ZhanchengGUO*StateKeyLaboratoryofAdvancedMetallurgy,UniversityofScienceandTechnologyBeijing,Beijing100083,ChinaAbstract:Leadandantimonymetalsareimportantbasicrawmaterialsandstrategicmaterialsforthedevelopmentofthenationaldefenseindustry,biomedicine,batteryresearchanddevelopment,semiconductorproductionandotherfields.Atpresent,thePb-Sballoyseparationprocessindomesticandforeignsmeltershascomplexoperation,largepollution,highenergyconsumption,longproductionprocessandlowrecoveryrate.Theeffectivedevelopmentandutilizationofleadandantimonyresourcesnotonlyhaspracticalsignificance,butalsohasimportantstrategicsignificanceforpromotingnationaleconomicdevelopmentandscientificprogress.Thisworkintroducedthegaspressurizationtechnology,andbyvirtueofitstechnicalcharacteristicsofenhancedfiltrationandseparation,putforwardanewmethodofefficientandenvironmentallyfriendlyseparationandextractionofPb-Sbresources.Inthiswork,thetheoreticalpurityandrecoveryrateafterseparationwerecalculatedaccordingtothephasediagramofPb-Sballoyusingtheleverprinciple,andtheeffectsofdifferentfiltrationtemperatures,filtrationpressures,filtrationtimes,screenandmeltcompositionontheseparationresultswerediscussed,andtheseparationmechanismofpressurizedfiltrationseparationwasclarified.TheresultsofSEM-EDS,metallographicmicroscopeandXRFshowedthatleadmigratedtothelowercruciblealongthepressuredirection,andalmostallantimonyremainedintheuppercrucible.Withthedecreaseoffiltrationtemperature,thesizeofprecipitationcrystalincreased,theviscosityofmoltenliquidphaseincreased,andtheresistanceoffiltercaketoliquidphaseincreased.Thebestseparationconditionswereobtainedthroughexperiments,undertheconditionsoffiltrationtemperatureT=553K,screenN=100,filtrationpressurep=0.2MPa,andfourfiltrationtimes,theupperenrichedSbphasewithacontentofmorethan90wt%,andthelowerenrichedPbpha...
