2023·02基础研究31ModernChemicalResearch当代化工研究2023·02基础研究31ModernChemicalResearch当代化工研究继电器底座锡青铜引脚断裂失效分析＊杨礼林张弦杨广舟（内蒙古科技大学材料与冶金学院内蒙古014000）摘要：借助光谱仪、蔡司金相显微镜、场发射电子显微镜和维氏硬度计等手段对继电器底座金属引脚失效件进行检测与观察，分析并讨论造成该试样裂纹产生的影响因素。结果表明：材料的化学成分、显微组织、硬度值、非金属夹杂物级别、晶粒度级别及镀层厚度均符合标准要求，断面未见氧化现象和其他缺陷。断面进行宏观与微观观察，呈灰色、较平整、纹路清晰呈纤维状。断面从引脚弯曲内侧分为断裂源区、扩展区、终断区，呈疲劳辉纹形貌特征，结合工作在振动条件下的工作特点，可以判断引脚断裂源于内侧弯折处的微震疲劳断裂。关键词：锡青铜；引脚；疲劳辉纹；微振疲劳中图分类号：TG157文献标识码：AFractureFailureAnalysisofTinBronzePinofRelayBaseYangLilin,ZhangXian,YangGuangzhou(SchoolofMaterialsandMetallurgy,InnerMongoliaUniversityofScienceandTechnology,InnerMongolia,014000)Abstract：Bymeansofspectrometer,Zeissmetallographicmicroscope,fieldemissionelectronmicroscopeandVickershardnesstester,thefailuremetalpinsweredetectedandobserved,andtheinfluencingfactorscausingthecrackofthesamplewereanalyzedanddiscussed.Theresultsshowthatthechemicalcomposition,microstructure,hardness,non-metallicinclusion,grainsizeandcoatingthicknessofthepinsmeettherequirementsofthestandard,andnooxidationandotherdefectsarefoundonthesection.Macroscopicandmicroscopicobservationshowsthatthesectionisgray,flat,andthestripsareclearandfibrous.Thesectionisdividedintofracturesourcearea,extensionareaandfinalfractureareafromtheinsideofthepinbending,thereforitischaracterizedbyfatiguestriationmorphology.Combinedwiththeworkingcharacteristicsundervibrationconditions,itcanbedeterminedthatthepinfractureoriginatesfromthemicroseismicfatiguefractureattheinsidebending.Keywords：tinbronze；pin；fatiguestriation；microvibrationfatigue锡青铜具有良好的焊接性能、易切削加工、无磁性和低温脆性，受到冲击时不会产生火花，在制作耐磨零件和弹性元件方面用途广泛[1-2]。锡青铜在电气、电子工业...
