南方论坛462023年3月下SouthForum基于推拉理论的失地农民“走出去”再就业问题研究黄聪，文革（成都信息工程大学管理学院，四川成都610103）摘要：城镇化与工业化的加速造成大量农民失去土地成为失地农民，而失地农民能否充分实现再就业关系着乡村振兴与巩固脱贫成果目标的实现与否，且失地农民由于自身年龄、技能等因素，面临谋生手段单一、就业质量低下等就业困境。基于资料分析，发现外部关注的缺失、社会资源投入的不合理、就业岗位供需的失调等外部因素与认知的局限性、信息获取的闭塞、职业素质的低下、自我赋能的缺失等内部因素是失地农民难以实现再就业的主要原因。能否充分实现再就业是失地农民可持续发展、生计的关键，需要格外关注。基于此，研究小组分析了失地农民“走出去”再就业过程中的推力、拉力与阻力，并基于推拉理论构建了推拉模型，提出了推拉模型下失地农民“走出去”再就业的过程中要增强推力、提升拉力、减少阻力的建议。关键词：失地农民；再就业；推拉理论；推拉模型中图分类号：F323.6文献标志码：ADOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672-3872.2023.06.013Researchonthe“Goingout”ReemploymentofLandlessFarmersBasedonPush-pullTheoryModelHuangCong,WenGe(SchoolofManagement,ChengduUniversityofInformationTechnology,SichuanChengdu610103)Abstract:Theaccelerationofurbanizationandindustrializationhascausedalargenumberoffarmerstolosetheirlandandbecomelandlessfarmers.Whetherlandlessfarmerscanfullyrealizetheirreemploymentisrelatedtothegoalofruralrevitalizationandconsolidationofpovertyalleviationachievementscanberealized.Andlandlessfarmersarefacingemploymentdifficultiessuchassinglemeansoflivelihoodandlowqualityofemploymentduetotheirownage,skillsandotherfactors.Basedondataanalysis,itisfoundthatexternalfactorssuchaslackofexternalattention,unreasonableinvestmentinsocialresources,imbalancebetweensupplyanddemandofemploymentpositions,andinternalfactorssuchascognitivelimitations,blockedaccesstoinformation,lowprofessionalquality,andlackofselfempowermentarethemainreasonswhylandlessfarmersaredifficulttoachievere-employment.Whethertofullyrealizereemploymentisthekeytothesustainabledevelopmentandlivelihoodofland-lostfarmers,whichrequiresspecialattention.B...
