2023学年届中考英语语法专练形容词副词讲解及真题专练.docx

2023年届中考语法专练之形容词副词讲解及配套真题专练 形容词 1. 形容词的位置： 1) 形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置： 1 修饰some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等构成的复合不定代词时 nobody absent, everything possible 2 以-able, -ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后 the best book available, the only solution possible 3 alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等可以后置 the only person awake 4 和空间、时间、单位连用时 a bridge 50 meters long 5 成对的形容词可以后置 a huge room simple and beautiful 6 形容词短语一般后置 a man difficult to get on with 2) 多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序： 代词 数词 性状形容词 冠词前的形容词 冠词 指示代词 不定代词 代词所有格 序数词 基数词 性质 状态 大小 长短 形状 新旧 温度 颜色 国籍 产地 材料 质地 名词 all both such the a this another your second next one four beautiful good poor large short square new cool black yellow Chinese London silk stone 3) 复合形容词的构成： 1 形容词+名词+ed kind-hearted 6 名词+形容词 world-famous 2 形容词+形容词 dark-blue 7 名词+现在分词 peace-loving 3 形容词+现在分词 ordinary-looking 8 名词+过去分词 snow-covered 4 副词+现在分词 hard-working 9 数词+名词+ed three-egged 5 副词+过去分词 newly-built 10 数词+名词 twenty-year II. 副词 副词的分类： 1 时间副词 soon, now, early, finally, once, recently 5 频度副词 always, often, frequently, seldom, never 2 地点副词 here, nearby, outside, upwards, above 6 疑问副词 how, where, when, why 3 方式副词 hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really 7 连接副词 how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile 4 程度副词 almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather 8 关系副词 when, where, why III. 形容词和副词比较等级： 形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级，比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est，多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。 1. 同级比较时常常用 as…as…以及not so(as)…as…如：I am not so good a player as you are. 2. 可以修饰比较级的词有：much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal。 3. 表示一方随另一方变化时用“the more…the more…”句型。如：The harder you work, the more progress you will make. 4. 用比较级来表达最高级的意思。如：I have never spent a more worrying day. 5. 表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型： Our school is three times larger than yours./Our school is four times as large as yours./Our school is four times the size of yours. 6. 表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如：favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect。 五．介词 I. 介词分类： 1 简单介词 about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on 2 合成介词 inside, into, onto, out of, outside, throughout, upon, within, without 3 短语介词 according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to 4 双重介词 from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between 5 分词转化成的介词 considering(就而论), including 6 形容词转化成的介词 like, unlike, near, next, opposite II. 常用介词区别： 1 表示时间的in, on, at at表示片刻的时间，in表示一段的时间，on总是与日子有关 2 表示时间的since, from since 指从过去到现在的一段时间，和完成时连用，from指从时间的某一点开始 3 表示时间的in, after in指在一段时间之后，after表示某一具体时间点之后或用在过去时的一段时间中 4 表示地理位置的in, on, to in表示在某范围内，on指与什么毗邻，to指在某环境范围之外 5 表示“在…上”的on, in on只表示在某物的表面上，in表示占去某物一部分 6 表示“穿过”的through, across through表示从内部通过，与in有关，across表示在表面上通过，与on有关 7 表示“关于”的about, on about指涉及到，on指专门论述 8 between与among的区别 between表示在两者之间，among用于三者或三者以上的中间 9 besides与except的区别 besides指“除了…还有再加上”，except指“除了，减去什么”，不放在句首 10 表示“用”的in, with with表示具体的工具，in表示材料，方式，方法，度量，单位，语言，声音 11 as与like的区别 as意为“作为，以…地位或身份”，like为“象…一样”，指情形相似 12 in与into区别 in通常表示位置（静态），into表示动向，不表示目的地或位置 真题链接： 1. -What do you think of working as a doctor? - It 's a good job to help people keep___________.(2023年.江苏淮安) A. busy B. strict C. healthy D. generous 2. Julie takes good care of the family dog. She is_________________ than her brother. (2023年.北京) A.patient B.more patient C.most patient D.the most patient 3.More and more people have realized that clear water and green mountains are as as mountains of gold a and silver. （2023年福建） A. central B. special C. valuable 4. How ____ it rained yesterday! We had to cancel our football match. (2023年甘肃兰州) A heavily B. light C. heavy D. lightly 5. —What do you think of the environment in your hometown? (2023年甘肃天水) —It's . Both the air and the water are badly polluted. A. not bad B. as good as before C. much better than before D.not as good as before 6.Sam is 11 years old.Peter is 16 years old.Peter is 5 years____than Sam. （2023年甘肃敦煌) A.older B.shorter C.newer D.longer 7.I could____control my feelings at the moment.The movie reminds me of my childhood. （2023年甘肃敦煌) A.really B.nearly C.slowly D.hardly 8. Fishing is one of ____ activities among the middle-aged people. (2023年广东) A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the most popular 9. A mobile phone with 5G can send videos much ____ than the one with 4G. (2023年广东) A. Fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest 10．Tea is one of_____drinks in the world．（　2023年广西百色　） A．more popular B．the more popular C．most popular D．the most popular 11．Wang Wei speaks English as_____as Yang Lan． They both study English hard．（　2023年广西百色　） A．good B．well C．better D．best 12．﹣Why is Mike so popular in your class？(20