综述Review*E-mail:yujipan@ihep.ac.cn;shiwq@ihep.ac.cn†Thesetwoauthorscontributedequallytothiswork.ReceivedNovember23,2022;publishedJanuary28,2023.ProjectsupportedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(Nos.22176191,21925603).项目受国家自然科学基金(Nos.22176191,21925603)资助.264http://sioc-journal.cn©2023ShanghaiInstituteofOrganicChemistry,ChineseAcademyofSciencesActaChim.Sinica2023,81,264—274化学学报ACTACHIMICASINICA锕系单分子磁体研究进展刘康†郭燕†于吉攀*石伟群*(中国科学院高能物理研究所北京100049)摘要单分子磁体是一类由单个分子组成的磁性材料,其磁性起源于单个分子的磁矩,有望在超高密度存储、量子计算机、自旋电子学等领域得到应用.由于锕系元素极大的旋轨耦合效应及5f轨道的延展性,锕系单分子磁体越来越受到人们的关注,期待未来磁学性能甚至能超越过渡及镧系金属.然而,目前对于锕系单分子磁体的弛豫机理及慢磁行为的影响因素仍尚未明确.本综述总结了近10多年以来报道的锕系单分子磁体,发现有效能垒的实验值和理论值极不相符,一定程度限制了锕系单分子磁体的发展.最后,对未来的锕系单分子磁体研究方向进行了展望.关键词锕系元素化学;单分子磁体;磁化率;慢磁弛豫ResearchProgressofActinideSingleMoleculeMagnetsLiu,Kang†Guo,Yan†Yu,Jipan*Shi,Weiqun*(InstituteofHighEnergyPhysics,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100049)AbstractSinglemoleculemagnetsisakindofmagneticmaterialscomposedofasinglemolecule.Itsmagnetismstemsfromthemagneticmomentofasinglemolecule.Itisexpectedtobeappliedinultra-highdensitystorage,quantumcomputer,spintronicsandotherfields.Actinidesinglemoleculemagnetshaveattractedmoreandmoreattentionduetothegreatspin-orbitcouplingeffectofactinidesandlargeradialextensionof5felectrons,anddemonstratepromiseforexceedingthemagnetismperformanceoftransitionmetalandlanthanidecomplexes.However,therelaxationmechanismofactinidesinglemoleculemagnetsandthefactorsofslowmagneticbehaviorremainunclear.Inthisreview,thereportedactinidesinglemol-eculemagnetsinthelasttenyearsaresummarized.Itisfoundthattheexperimentalvaluesofblockingbarrierareabsolutelyinconsistentwiththetheoreticalvalues,whichlimitedthedevelopmentofactini...
