HoCP系列美国甘蔗种质资源育种价值评价_吴嘉云.pdf

热带作物学报 2023,44(2):273-281 Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops 收稿日期 2022-04-11；修回日期 2022-06-02 基金项目 广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目（No.2019KJ 104-04）；财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业（糖料）产业技术体系项目（No.CARS-170112）；广东省优良甘蔗品种繁育基地建设项目（粤财农202137 号）。作者简介 吴嘉云（1982），男，博士，正高级农艺师，研究方向：甘蔗遗传育种，E-mail：。HoCP 系列美国甘蔗种质资源育种价值评价 吴嘉云，曾巧英，陈勇生，刘 睿，黄咏虹，高小宁 广东省甘蔗遗传改良工程技术研究中心/广东省科学院南繁种业研究所，广东广州 510316 摘 要：为了解美国引进的 HoCP 系列甘蔗种质资源的育种价值，本研究以 HoCP00-1142、HoCP01-517、HoCP01-564、HoCP02-610、HoCP02-623、HoCP03-704、HoCP03-708、HoCP03-716、HoCP05-902、HoCP07-613、HoCP07-617 和HoCP92-648 等 12 个 HoCP 品系为核心亲本配置了 73 个杂交组合，采用家系评价方法，对 12 个 HoCP 系列亲本及其73 个组合 F1群体的株高、茎径、有效茎数、蔗糖分和蔗茎产量等 5 个主要性状的配合力效应值、经济育种值等参数进行估算。结果表明，5 个性状中除了株高在母本间无差异，其他性状在母本、父本及组合间均存在显著差异。作为母本，11 个亲本当中 HoCP03-704 的株高，HoCP02-623 的茎径，HoCP02-610 的有效茎数，HoCP07-617 的蔗糖分及 HoCP92-648的蔗茎产量一般配合力最高；而作为父本 HoCP03-704 的株高，HoCP02-623 的茎径，HoCP07-617 的有效茎数，HoCP03-708 的蔗糖分及 HoCP02-623 的蔗茎产量的一般配合力最高。从经济育种值来看，HoCP02-623、HoCP03-708和 HoCP92-648 作为母本经济育种值较高，同时蔗糖分和蔗茎产量的一般配合力效应值也较高，适宜作高产高糖的母本。HoCP01-517 和 HoCP07-617 作为父本的经济育种值较高，同时在蔗糖分和蔗茎产量的一般配合力效应值较高，适宜作高产高糖的父本。73 个组合中，以 HoCP03-704内江 03-218的株高，粤糖 00-236HoCP00-1142 的茎径，崖城 07-71HoCP05-902 的有效茎数，粤糖 00-236HoCP03-708 的蔗糖分，HoCP01-564桂糖 92-66的蔗茎产量的特殊配合力最高。38 个组合的经济育种值为正值，其中粤糖 94-128HoCP01-517，HoCP01-564桂糖 92-66、桂糖 02-467HoCP01-564 等组合蔗茎产量和蔗糖分特殊配合力和组合经济育种值均较优，可作为今后重点的生产性家系，而 HoCP03-716福农 02-6404，粤糖 99-66HoCP01-564 和粤农 73-204HoCP01-564 等组合的各性状的特殊配合力较低，同时经济育种值也低，不适宜作为生产性家系应用。以上结果为利用美国 HoCP 系列甘蔗种质资源进行杂交组合选配提供了参考。关键词：甘蔗；美国；种质资源；一般配合力；特殊配合力；经济育种值；育种 中图分类号：S566.1 文献标识码：A Assessment on Breeding Value of HoCP Series Sugarcane Germ-plasms Introduced from USA WU Jiayun,ZENG Qiaoying,CHEN Yongsheng,LIU Rui,HUANG Yonghong,GAO Xiaoning Guangdong Sugarcane Genetic Improvement Engineering Center/Institute of Nanfan&Seed Industy,Guangdong Academy of Sci-ences,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510316,China Abstract:In order to assess the breeding value of HoCP series sugarcane germplasms introduced from USA,12 HoCP sugarcane clones(HoCP00-1142,HoCP01-517,HoCP01-564,HoCP02-610,HoCP02-623,HoCP03-704,HoCP03-708,HoCP03-716,HoCP05-902,HoCP07-613,HoCP07-617 and HoCP92-648)were used as core parents in 73 sugarcane cross combinations.The effect on combining ability,economic breeding values of height,diameter,effective stem number,sugar content and cane yield for the 11 HoCP sugarcane parents and 73 F1 population were estimated using the family test method.Significant differences were found for height among HoCP males and cross combinations,whereas no significant differences were detected for height among HoCP females,suggesting that the plant height was affected 274 热带作物学报 第 44 卷 by only male and cross combination.For the stem diameter,effective stem number,sugar content and cane yield,there were significant differences existed among different HoCP female,male and cross combination,indicating that the four characters were affected by female,male and cross combination.Among the 12 clones,the highest general combining ability for height,diameter,effective stem number,sugar content and cane yield appeared in HoCP03-704,HoCP02-623,HoCP02-610,HoCP07-617,and HoCP92-648 as female,respectively,while HoCP03-704,HoCP02-623,HoCP07-617,HoCP03-708 and HoCP02-623 as male possessed the highest general combining ability for height,diameter,effective stem number,sugar content and cane yield,respectively.The better economy breeding value(EBV)and general com-bining ability(GCA)in cane yield and sugar content were detected in HoCP02-623,HoCP03-708 and HoCP92-648 as the female,and HoCP01-517and HoCP07-617 as the male,which indicated that the clones could be used as excellent female and male with high-yield and hight-sugar,respectively.Among the 73 cross combinations,the highest special combining ability for height,diameter,effective stem number,sugar content and cane yield appeared in HoCP03-704Neijiang 03-218,Yuetang 00-236HoCP00-1142,Yacheng 07-71HoCP05-902,Yuetang 00-236HoCP03-708,HoCP01-564Guitang 92-66,respectively.A total of 38 cross combinations showed possitive EBV.The combinations Yuetang 94-128HoCP01-517,HoCP01-564Guitang 92-66,Guitang 02-467HoCP01-564 had better special com-bining ability in cane yield,sugar content and EBV than the others,which could be considered as the most important productive families in future breeding program.However,HoCP03-716Funong 02-6404,Yuetang 99-66HoCP01-564 and Yuenong 73-204HoCP01-564 showed lower special combining ability in five characters and lower EBV than other combinations,suggesting that the combinations did not suit for using as productive families in future breeding pro-gram.Therefore,the results would provide helpful information for using HoCP sugarcane parents in cross combination.Keywords:sugarcane;USA;germplasm;general combining ability;special combining ability;economic breeding value;breeding DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.02.006 甘蔗是我国重要的糖能兼用作物，据统计，我国 85%以上的食糖来源于甘蔗。为保障甘蔗生产，提高甘蔗生产效率，必须加强优异甘蔗新品种的培育。甘蔗具有染色体数目多（100130 条），基因组复杂等特点1，目前培育甘蔗新品种最有效、最常用的方法仍然是杂交育种，其中亲本选配与评价是杂交育种程序中的关键环节2-3。通过建国以来我国甘蔗骨干亲本的亲缘关系分析显