Quantitative_...nctional_land_JI Zhengxin.pdf

J.Geogr.Sci.2023,33(4):779-800 DOI:https:/doi.org/10.1007/s11442-023-2106-x 2023 Science Press Springer-Verlag Quantitative identification and the evolution characteristics of productionlivingecological space in the mountainous area:From the perspective of multifunctional land JI Zhengxin1,2,LIU Chao3,*XU Yueqing1,2,SUN Minxuan1,2,WEI Hejie4,SUN Danfeng1,2,LI Yaoyao1,2,ZHANG Ping1,2,SUN Qiangqiang1,2 1.College of Land Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;2.Key Laboratory of Agricultural Land Quality,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100193,China;3.College of Public Administration,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China;4.College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China Abstract:Developed here is an integrated framework for identifying productionlivingeco-logical space(PLES)quantitatively at grid scale from the perspective of multifunction land use,and 25 compound space types are classified to highlight the multiple functions of PLES.As a typical mountainous city in northern Hebei province,Zhangjiakou is used as a case study,and the results show that more than 80%of the land space in Zhangjiakou has remarkable triple functionality.The living-dominated space and the production-dominated space are dis-tributed mainly in the valleys of the Yanghe,Sanggan,and Huliu rivers and have obvious spatial consistency,while the ecological-dominated space is concentrated mostly at the eastern Yanshan Mountains and southern Taihang Mountains and complements the other two types of space.The former two are spatially fragmented,while the latter has been ex-panding to the periphery over time.From 1990 to 2015,the ecological-dominated space has increased the most by 1555.02 km2,while the living-dominated space has increased the least by 816.79 km2.The types of PLES are more diverse in the medium and low mountains and the areas with gentle slope,and the influencing factors include natural ecological environment,socioeconomic development,human consumption demand,and institutional policies.There-fore,these findings can mitigate conflicts among PLES in mountainous and similar areas,and promote the balanced development of land space.Keywords:land use function;value evaluation;productionlivingecological space;spatial and temporal varia-tion;Zhangjiakou Received:2022-04-09 Accepted:2022-09-08 Foundation:National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41971238,No.42101282,No.42001234 Author:Ji Zhengxin(1997),PhD Candidate,specialized in land system and spatial planning.E-mail:*Corresponding author:Xu Yueqing(1972),Associate Professor,specialized in multifunctional land use and spatial planning.E-mail: 780 Journal of Geographical Sciences 1 Introduction Land use change caused by human interaction with biophysical environment is a main driver of global change(MA,2005;Verburg et al.,2009).The salient feature of this interaction is the multiple functions endowed with land use,such as nature reserve and wood production(Koomen et al.,2008;Tan et al.,2018).As these functions come together in the same land space,it can be mutually beneficial,but can also lead to conflict(Willem,2019).Planners worldwide thus seek to reconcile spatial conflicts among different land uses through use zoning in spatial planning policies(Brown et al.,2018;Chaiyapon et al.,2018;Mustafa et al.,2018;Fu et al.,2019),similar to designated wildlife corridors and economic activity zones(Hersperger et al.,2018;Ghoddousi et al.,2021),as is exemplified in the National Spatial Planning Policies for Biodiversity in England and the Master Plan for the Greater Paris Region.Other countries such as China embraced the zoning concept of international spatial plan-ning and adopted a series of zoning work(Lin et al.,2022).The focus of regionalization has metamorphosed to serve economic construction from the earlier emphasis on agricultural production.However,with the acceleration of industrialization,urbanization and agricultural modernization in recent times,conflicts among human production,living,and ecosystems have become increasingly fierce,resulting in many problems including environmental dam-age,ecological degradation,and inefficient use of resources(Liu et al.,2014;Tang et al.,2015;Fang et al.,2018).This has posed great challenges for regional sustainable develop-ment,and in this context,the Chinese government has proposed building a livable national space comprising“intensive and efficient production space,moderate livable space,and un-spoiled and beautiful ecological space”(Xinhuanet,2015).This proposal points out the lat-est goal of spatial planning zoning and the Chinese vision for the future.Production space is the area dominated by specific production functions and provides people with mainly agri-cultural,industrial,and commercial products or services.Living space is the area dominated by living functions and that meets various needs and activities of people,such as liv