·专家论坛·DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2023.03.006“基本正常肝组织”的病理鉴别诊断思路张萌萌,孟尧,赵新颜首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院肝病研究中心,国家消化系统疾病临床医学研究中心,北京100050通信作者:赵新颜,zhao_xinyan@ccmu.edu.cn(ORCID:0000-0002-8016-4368)摘要:肝脏病理活检是明确肝脏疾病诊断的关键手段,对判断病情严重程度、决策治疗时机、预测疗效及预后具有重要价值。病理专家通过识别肝脏病理损伤模式判断病变性质,作为诊断及鉴别诊断依据,其中一类病理损伤模式,看似“基本正常”,实则需要细致入微地观察易被忽略的病理变化,从而减少误诊或漏诊。本文重点介绍了“基本正常”的肝组织病理诊断思路及鉴别诊断要点。关键词:肝疾病;病理学;诊断,鉴别DifferentialpathologicaldiagnosisoflivertissuewithnormalappearanceZHANGMengmeng,MENGYao,ZHAOXinyan.(LiverResearchCenter,BeijingFriendshipHospital,CapitalMedicalUniver-sity&NationalClinicalResearchCenterforDigestiveDiseases,Beijing100050,China)Correspondingauthor:ZHAOXinyan,zhao_xinyan@ccmu.edu.cn(ORCID:0000-0002-8016-4368)Abstract:Liverbiopsyisakeymethodforclarifyingthediagnosisofliverdiseasesandhasanimportantvalueindeterminingdiseaseseverity,decidingtreatmenttiming,andpredictingtreatmentresponseandprognosis.Byrecognizingthepatternofliv-erpathologicalinjury,pathologistsevaluatethenatureoflesionsasthebasisofdiagnosisanddifferentialdiagnosis,andamongthesepatterns,livertissuewith“normalappearance”requirescarefulobservationofeasilyoverlookedpathologicalchanges,soastoreducemisdiagnosisormisseddiagnosis.Thisarticlemainlyintroducesthethoughtsinthepathologicaldiagnosisoflivertissuewithnormalappearanceandthekeypointsindifferentialdiagnosis.Keywords:LiverDiseases;Pathology;Diagnosis,Differential主要的肝脏病理损伤模式包括:汇管区炎症型、小叶内炎症型、急(慢)性胆汁淤积型、血管损伤型及肿瘤等[1]。此外,部分肝脏疾病肝组织活检低倍镜下观察,肝组织形态结构看似“基本正常”,多无明显的炎症坏死、脂变、细胆管反应及纤维化,需要在高倍镜下仔细观察才可以发现细微病理变化,以此为线索,结合临床进一步明确诊断。本文以肝脏病理读片...